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https://www.selleckchem.com/products/sf2312.html NOS1AP SNPs correlate with QT prolongation and cardiac sudden death in patients affected by long QT syndrome type 1 (LQT1). NOS1AP targets NOS1 to intracellular effectors. We hypothesize that NOS1AP SNPs cause NOS1 dysfunction and this may converge with prolonged action potential duration (APD) to facilitate arrhythmias. AIMS To test 1) the effects of NOS1 inhibition and their interaction with prolonged APD in a guinea pig cardiomyocyte (GP-CMs) LQT1 model; 2) whether pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) from LQT1 patients differing for NOS1AP variants and mutation penetrance display a phenotype compatible with NOS1 deficiency. METHODS AND RESULTS In GP-CMs NOS1 was inhibited by SMTC (or L-VNIO); LQT1 was mimicked by IKs blockade (JNJ203) and β-adrenergic stimulation (isoproterenol). hiPSC-CMs were obtained from symptomatic (S) and asymptomatic (AS) KCNQ1-A341V carriers, harboring the minor and major alleles of NOS1AP SNPs (rs16847548 and rs4657139) respectively. In GP-CMs NOS1 inhibition prolonged APD, enhanced ICaL and INaL, slowed Ca2+ decay and induced delayed afterdepolarizations. Under action-potential clamp, switching to shorter APD suppressed "transient inward current" events induced by NOS1 inhibition and reduced cytosolic Ca2+. In S (vs AS) hiPSC-CMs APD was longer and ICaL larger; NOS1AP and NOS1 expression and colocalization were decreased. CONCLUSIONS the minor NOS1AP alleles are associated with NOS1 loss of function. The latter likely contributes to APD prolongation in LQT1 and converges with it to perturb Ca2+ handling. This establishes a mechanistic link between NOS1AP SNPs and aggravation of the arrhythmia phenotype in prolonged repolarization syndromes. Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author(s) 2020. For permissions please email journals.permissions@oup.com.The Viviparidae, commonly known as River Snails, is a dominant group of

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