Yam Code

New Paste Browse

https://www.selleckchem.com/ This study evaluated the effects of thermal pretreatment of brewery spent grain (BSG) (by autoclave 121 °C, 1.45 atm for 30 min) on methane production (CH4). Operation temperature (31-59 °C) and substrate concentration (8.3-19.7 g BSG.L-1) factors were investigated by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Central Composite Design (CCD). Values ranging from 81.1 ± 2.0 to 290.1 ± 3.5 mL CH4.g-1 TVS were obtained according to operation temperature and substrate concentration variation. The most adverse condition for methanogenesis (81.1 ± 2.0 mL CH4.g-1 TVS) was at 59 °C and 14 g BSG.L-1, in which there was increase in the organic matter concentration from 173.6 ± 4.94 to 3036 ± 7.78 mg.L-1) result of a higher final concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFA, 2662.7 mg.L-1). On the other hand, the optimum condition predicted by the statistical model was at 35 °C and 18 g BSG.L-1 (289.1 mL CH4.g-1 TVS), which showed decrease in the organic matter concentration of 78.6% and a lower final concentration of VFA (533.2 mg.L-1). Hydrogenospora and Methanosaeta were identified in this optimum CH4 production condition, where acetoclastic methanogenic pathway prevailed. The CH4 production enhancement was concomitant to acetic acid concentration decrease (from 578.9 to 135.7 mg.L-1).Many global management and conservation initiatives fail to prevent overfishing either because they do not plan for local engagement, surveillance, and enforcement, and/or because they fail to include alternatives for short-term losses. Thus, these initiatives do not gain support among fishers. In this study, we interviewed fishers to investigate their stated behavior toward fisheries regulations. We assessed possible (non)compliant behavior under scenarios where fishers would face a moratorium on some of their target species. Additionally, we investigated the consequences of such a moratorium on the food web if it were to lead to fishing alternative species. Using data f

Paste Settings

Paste Title : [Optional]

Paste Folder : [Optional]

Syntax Highlighting : [Optional]

Paste Expiration : [Optional]

Paste Status : [Optional]

Password : [Optional]

Description: [Optional]

Tags: [Optional]

Encrypt Paste (?)

You are currently not logged in, this means you can not edit or delete anything you paste. Sign Up or Login

Paste Settings

Site Languages