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https://www.selleckchem.com/products/on123300.html This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) License (https//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).Imidacloprid is a pesticide used to control aphid infestations of cotton plants. However, poisoned aphids also serve as food for the ladybird natural predator Hippodamia variegata. We investigated whether imidacloprid-treated eggs, pupae, and adults of H. variegata and poisoned aphids altered ladybird predatory behavior. Laboratory bioassay results demonstrated that 0.72 g/L imidacloprid was lethal to ladybirds. Imidacloprid significantly reduced the hatching and emergence rates of H. variegata, and these effects were time and dose dependent. Predation was most adversely affected when the ladybirds directly consumed poisoned aphids and less so when directly exposed to the insecticide at sublethal concentrations. Imidacloprid use in cotton fields should be restricted to the initial stages of aphid infestation to avoid the period when adult ladybirds are present. © Pesticide Science Society of Japan 2020. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) License (https//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).Spraying a calcium carbonate suspension "White Coat" on the fruit of apples significantly suppresses the oviposition of the peach fruit moth, Carposina sasakii. In gas chromatography (GC) with an electroantennographic detector analysis, adult female antennae showed responses to three compounds that were identified as 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate (TXIB) and its two mono-hydrolyzed analogs, texanols (1- and 3-isobutyrates), all added as a plasticizer to the agents. An oviposition-choice test using adult moths revealed that TXIB has clear deterrent properties when applied to young apple fruits. Vide

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