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16, p = 0.002). Student reported faculty role-modeling of discrimination against patients with obesity predicted lower friendliness (b=-0.16, p = 0.03), recommendation likelihood (b=-0.22, p = 0.04), and patient-centeredness index score (b=-0.12, p = 0.03). Negative normative attitudes and behaviors regarding obesity in the medical school environment may adversely influence the quality of patient-centered behaviors provided to patients with obesity. Efforts to improve patient-centered communication quality among medical trainees may benefit from intervention to improve group normative attitudes about patients with obesity. Efforts to improve patient-centered communication quality among medical trainees may benefit from intervention to improve group normative attitudes about patients with obesity. There is evidence that long-term heavy coffee consumption may adversely affect individuals' cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. As hyperlipidemia is a well-established contributor to CVD risk, we investigated the association between habitual coffee intake and plasma lipid profile. We used data from up to 362,571 UK Biobank participants to examine phenotypic associations between self-reported coffee intake and plasma lipid profiles, including low-density-lipoproteins cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (total-C), triglycerides, and apolipoproteins A1 and B (ApoA1 and ApoB). Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using genetically instrumented coffee intake was used to interrogate the causal nature of coffee-lipid associations. We observed a positive dose-dependent association between self-reported coffee intake and plasma concentration of LDL-C, ApoB and total-C, with the highest lipid levels seen among participants reported drinking >6 cups/day (P ≤ 3.24E-55 for all). Consistently, in MR analyses using genetically instrumented coffee intake one cup higher coffee intake was associated with a 0.07mmol/L (95% CI 0.03 to 0.12), 0.02g/L (95% CI 0.01 to 0.03), and 0.09mmol/L (95% CI 0.04 to 0.14) increase in plasma concentration of LDL-C, ApoB, and total-C, respectively. Our phenotypic and genetic analyses suggest that long-term heavy coffee consumption may lead to unfavourable lipid profile, which could potentially increase individuals' risk for CVD. These findings may have clinical relevance for people with elevated LDL cholesterol. Our phenotypic and genetic analyses suggest that long-term heavy coffee consumption may lead to unfavourable lipid profile, which could potentially increase individuals' risk for CVD. These findings may have clinical relevance for people with elevated LDL cholesterol. Malnutrition is prevalent among hospitalized patients, but there is no universally accepted consensus regarding its diagnosis. Recently, the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) proposed a new framework for the malnutrition diagnosis and until this moment there is scarce evidence regarding its validity. This study aimed to evaluate the concurrent and predictive validity of GLIM criteria for malnutrition diagnosis in hospitalized patients. Prospective cohort study involving adult/elderly hospitalized patients. The malnutrition diagnoses according to Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) and GLIM criteria were performed within 48h of admission. Patients were followed up until hospital discharge to assess the length of hospital stay (LOS) and in-hospital mortality. Six months post discharge; the patients were contacted to collect the outcomes readmission and death. Agreement and accuracy tests, Cox and Logistic regression analysis were performed for testing criterion validity. 601 patients (55.7±14.8 years, 51.3% men) were evaluated. Malnutrition was diagnosed in 33.9% and 41.6% of patients, by SGA and GLIM criteria, respectively. GLIM criteria presented a satisfactory accuracy, (AUC=0.842; CI95% 0.807-0.877) with a sensitivity of 86.6%, and a specificity of 81.6%. The presence of malnutrition by GLIM criteria increased the chance of prolonged hospitalization by 1.76 (CI95% 1.23-2.52) times, and the risk of in-hospital deaths by 5.1 (CI95% 1.14-23.14) times. It was also associated with death within six months (RR=3.96, CI95% 1.49-10.53). GLIM criteria for malnutrition diagnosis presented satisfactory criterion validity and should be applied during clinical practice. GLIM criteria for malnutrition diagnosis presented satisfactory criterion validity and should be applied during clinical practice. Nutritional composition is key for skeletal muscle maintenance into older age. Yet the acute effects of collagen protein blended with other protein sources, in relation to skeletal muscle anabolism, are ill-defined. We investigated human muscle protein synthesis (MPS) responses to a 20g blend of collagen protein hydrolysate+milk protein (CP+MP, 125ml) oral nutritional supplement (ONS) vs. 20g non-blended milk protein source (MP, 200ml) ONS, in older adults. Healthy older men (N=8, 71±1y, BMI 27±1kg·m ) underwent a randomized trial of 20g protein, from either a CP+MP blend (Fresubin®3.2kcal DRINK), or a kcal-matched (higher in essential amino acids (EAA) ONS of MP alone. Vastus lateralis (VL) MPS and plasma AA were determined using stable isotope-tracer mass spectrometry; anabolic signaling was quantified via immuno-blotting in VL biopsies taken at baseline and 2/4h after ONS feeding. Plasma insulin was measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). https://www.selleckchem.com/products/tertiapin-q.html Measures were taken at rest, after the feed (FE(P<0.05), whilst FED-EX muscle p-eEF2 fold-change from baseline decreased to a greater extent with CP+MP vs. MP (P<0.05); otherwise anabolic signaling responses were indistinguishable. Fresubin®3.2kcal DRINK, which contains a 20g mixed blend of CP+MP, resulted in equivalent MPS responses to MP alone. Fresubin® 3.2Kcal DRINK may provide a suitable alternative to MP for use in older adults and a convenient way to supplement calories and protein to improve patient adherence and mitigate muscle mass loss. Fresubin®3.2 kcal DRINK, which contains a 20 g mixed blend of CP+MP, resulted in equivalent MPS responses to MP alone. Fresubin® 3.2 Kcal DRINK may provide a suitable alternative to MP for use in older adults and a convenient way to supplement calories and protein to improve patient adherence and mitigate muscle mass loss.
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