Yam Code
Sign up
Login
New paste
Home
Trending
Archive
English
English
Tiếng Việt
भारत
Sign up
Login
New Paste
Browse
This study investigates the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFC) for on-line monitoring ammonium (NH4+-N) in municipal wastewater. A double chamber microbial fuel cell (MFC) was established in a continuous mode under different influent ammonium concentrations ranging from 5 to 40 mg L-1. Results indicated that excess ammonium would inhibit the activity of electrogenic bacteria in the anode chamber and consequently affect electricity production. An inversely linear relationship between concentration and voltage generation was obtained with coefficient R2 0.99 and the MFC could detect up to 40 mg L-1 of NH4+-N. Notably, no further decline was observed in voltage output and there was in fact a further increase in ammonia concentration (>40 mg L-1). The stability and high accuracy of ammonium-based MFC biosensors exposed competitive results compared to traditional analytical tools, confirming the biosensor's reliability. Furthermore, pH 7.0; R 1000 Ω and HRT of 24 h are the best possible conditions for the MFC biosensor for monitoring ammonium. The simplicity in design and operation makes the biosensor more realistic for practical application.This study evaluated the influence of different volume ratios of the anoxic-to-aerobic zone (Vano/Vaer) on the enhancement of nitrogen and phosphorus removal in an integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) system. As the Vano/Vaer increased from 12 to 21, the removal of organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients of the IFAS system was improved. At Vano/Vaer = 11, the removal effect of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients was optimal, and the average removal rates of COD, NH4+-N, TN, and TP of the system reached 90 ± 3.2%, 98.2 ± 1.4%, 88.9 ± 2.2%, and 89.1 ± 2.7%, respectively. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/peg300.html As the volume of the anoxic zone continued to increase, the denitrifying phosphate-accumulating capacity of the system was enhanced, and the highest ratio of specific anoxic and aerobic phosphorus uptake rate could reach 65.3%. Analysis of the molecular evaluation showed that, the proportion of nitrifying bacteria in the biofilm gradually increased as Vano increased. Moreover, denitrifying phosphate-accumulating organisms (DNPAOs), ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), and anaerobic ammonium oxidizing (Anammox) bacteria were all enriched all showed enrichment in the biofilm of fiber carriers, which further strengthened the system's synergistic removal of nitrogen and phosphorus.The frequency and severity of fire is increasing in Arctic tundra regions with climate change. Here we investigated effects of experimental low-intensity fire and shrub cutting, in combination with warming, on soil biogeochemical cycles and post-fire greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in a dry heath tundra, West Greenland. We performed in vitro incubation experiments based on soil samples collected for up to two years after the fire. We observed tendency for increased soil nitrate (14-fold) and significant increases in soil ammonium and phosphate (four-fold and five-fold, respectively) two years after the fire, but no effects of shrub cutting on these compounds. Thus, changes appear to be largely due to fire effects rather than indirect effects by vegetation destruction. Two years after fire, nitrous oxide (N2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) production was significantly increased (three-fold and 32% higher, respectively), in burned than unburned soils, while methane (CH4) uptake remained unchanged. This stimulated N2O and CO2 production by the fire, however, was only apparent under conditions when soil was at maximum water holding capacity, suggesting that fire effects can be masked under dry conditions in this tundra ecosystem. There were positive effects by modest 2.5 °C warming on CO2 production in control but not in burned soils, suggesting that fire may decrease the temperature response in soil respiration. Methane uptake was neither altered by the modest warming in shrub-cut nor in burned soils after two years, suggesting that the removal of vegetation may play a key role in controlling future temperature response of CH4 oxidation. Altogether, our results show that post-fire tundra soils have the potential to enhance soil GHG emissions (e.g. N2O and CO2) especially during episodes with wet soil conditions. On the other hand, the lack of warming responses in post-fire soil respiration may weaken this positive feedback to climate change.A catchment model for river basins and a hydrodynamic model were combined in order to simulate the spreading of the turbidity plume produced by sediment discharges from the Guadalquivir River basin within the Gulf of Cádiz under different meteorological conditions. The current fields provided by the hydrodynamic model and a transport-diffusion scheme based on tracking virtual particles tracking released at the river mouth have enabled us to simulate turbidity plumes that show great similarity with the plumes observed in satellite images. The most relevant results of the study show that in the absence of winds, the plume tends to spread very slowly, gradually progressing northwards; this is because of the symmetry between the filling and draining flows at the mouth of the Guadalquivir and low intensity of the tidal currents beyond the mouth. In addition, the transport of the plume towards the Strait of Gibraltar requires wind conditions with a northerly, north-westerly or westerly component. Westwards transport, however, requires winds with an easterly, southerly, or south-easterly component. The periods of heaviest rainfall in the Guadalquivir River basin coincide with winds mainly from the west; therefore, the times of maximum discharge at the mouth of the river occur when there are wind conditions that favour the transport of the matter suspended in the plume, southwards along the coast, towards the Strait of Gibraltar and the Alboran Sea. Linking the watershed catchment and hydrodynamic models has proved its suitability to predict the evolution and reaching of the sediment plumes from the Guadalquivir River discharges and the experience encourages the use of that methodology to be applied in a future prediction system for the creation and evolution of those sediment plumes.
Paste Settings
Paste Title :
[Optional]
Paste Folder :
[Optional]
Select
Syntax Highlighting :
[Optional]
Select
Markup
CSS
JavaScript
Bash
C
C#
C++
Java
JSON
Lua
Plaintext
C-like
ABAP
ActionScript
Ada
Apache Configuration
APL
AppleScript
Arduino
ARFF
AsciiDoc
6502 Assembly
ASP.NET (C#)
AutoHotKey
AutoIt
Basic
Batch
Bison
Brainfuck
Bro
CoffeeScript
Clojure
Crystal
Content-Security-Policy
CSS Extras
D
Dart
Diff
Django/Jinja2
Docker
Eiffel
Elixir
Elm
ERB
Erlang
F#
Flow
Fortran
GEDCOM
Gherkin
Git
GLSL
GameMaker Language
Go
GraphQL
Groovy
Haml
Handlebars
Haskell
Haxe
HTTP
HTTP Public-Key-Pins
HTTP Strict-Transport-Security
IchigoJam
Icon
Inform 7
INI
IO
J
Jolie
Julia
Keyman
Kotlin
LaTeX
Less
Liquid
Lisp
LiveScript
LOLCODE
Makefile
Markdown
Markup templating
MATLAB
MEL
Mizar
Monkey
N4JS
NASM
nginx
Nim
Nix
NSIS
Objective-C
OCaml
OpenCL
Oz
PARI/GP
Parser
Pascal
Perl
PHP
PHP Extras
PL/SQL
PowerShell
Processing
Prolog
.properties
Protocol Buffers
Pug
Puppet
Pure
Python
Q (kdb+ database)
Qore
R
React JSX
React TSX
Ren'py
Reason
reST (reStructuredText)
Rip
Roboconf
Ruby
Rust
SAS
Sass (Sass)
Sass (Scss)
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Smarty
SQL
Soy (Closure Template)
Stylus
Swift
TAP
Tcl
Textile
Template Toolkit 2
Twig
TypeScript
VB.Net
Velocity
Verilog
VHDL
vim
Visual Basic
WebAssembly
Wiki markup
Xeora
Xojo (REALbasic)
XQuery
YAML
HTML
Paste Expiration :
[Optional]
Never
Self Destroy
10 Minutes
1 Hour
1 Day
1 Week
2 Weeks
1 Month
6 Months
1 Year
Paste Status :
[Optional]
Public
Unlisted
Private (members only)
Password :
[Optional]
Description:
[Optional]
Tags:
[Optional]
Encrypt Paste
(
?
)
Create New Paste
You are currently not logged in, this means you can not edit or delete anything you paste.
Sign Up
or
Login
Site Languages
×
English
Tiếng Việt
भारत