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https://www.selleckchem.com/products/gsk963.html OBJECTIVES Evaluate the impact of microscopic extrathyroid extension (MEE) on outcome and therapy response in patients with cT1 and cT2 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). SUBJECTS AND METHODS Retrospective study of 970 consecutive patients, who underwent surgery for PTC between 2000 and 2016. All patients had tumours ≤ 4 cm, apparent complete tumour resection, without clinically apparent lymph node or distant metastasis at diagnosis and nonaggressive histologic variant. RESULTS Based on the finding of MEE, 175 (18.0%) patients were upstaged to T3. They were older (53.9 versus 50.6 years; P = 0.004) and were more prone to have multifocal tumours (38.2% versus 24.8%; P = 0.001). Radioiodine ablation therapy (RAI) was administered more often to MEE patients (92% versus 40.5%; P less then 0.001), as well as prophylactic lymph node resection (35.4% versus 28.6%, P = 0.048). They were more likely to have biochemical incomplete response (4% versus 0.3%; P = 0.03) at the end of the follow-up period. There was no significant association between MEE and recurrence rate, persistence of disease or disease-specific mortality. CONCLUSION These results support the changes made to the latest edition of the TNM staging system, regarding MEE. Although incomplete biochemical response is more common in these patients, it does not seem to affect their prognosis.OBJECTIVE Maternal hypothyroidism during pregnancy may lead to adverse outcomes. Recently published guidelines by the American Thyroid Association (ATA) do not advocate for universal screening but recommend a case-finding approach in high-risk pregnant women. The present study aims to evaluate the accuracy of this approach in identifying women with thyroid dysfunction during early pregnancy. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This is a multiple-center, cross-sectional study. Three hundred and one pregnant women were enrolled. Anamnesis and a physical examination were performed to detect which wo

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