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https://www.selleckchem.com/products/thapsigargin.html The first binuclear Gd-complex of the 12-membered pyridine-based polyaminocarboxylate macrocyclic ligand PCTA was synthesized by C-C connection of the pyridine units through two different synthetic procedures. A dimeric AAZTA-ligand was also synthesized with the aim to compare the relaxometric results or the two ditopic Gd-complexes. Thus, the 1 H relaxometric study on [Gd2 PCTA2 (H2 O)4 ] and on [Gd2 AAZTA2 (H2 O)4 ]2- highlighted the remarkable rigidity and compactness of the two binuclear complexes, which results in molar relaxivities (per Gd), at 1.5 T and 298 K of ca. 12-12.6 mM-1  s-1 with an increase of ca. 80 % at 1.5 T and 298 K (+70 % at 310 K) with respect to the corresponding mononuclear complexes.Vitiligo is an autoimmune disease characterized by depigmented patches of skin due to loss of the pigment-producing melanocytes. No cure exists for vitiligo. The available treatments are inefficient for many patients, suggesting that universal treatment approaches may be inappropriate. Deeper understanding of the mechanistic basis for variability in vitiligo aetiologies is necessary. Genetic mutations in neuropeptide Y (NPY), a widely distributed protein, are associated with increased NPY expression and increased susceptibility for vitiligo. NPY is also upregulated in the circulation and lesional skin of some vitiligo patients. However, the contributions of NPY to melanocyte pathology are not understood, and presently there are no models with which to investigate this possibility. In this study, we employed NPY-overexpressing mice to explore the role of NPY in melanocyte dysfunction. Our results show that NPY overexpression induces progressive hair greying (depigmentation) due to premature depletion of follicular melanocyte stem cells. Additionally, NPY transcripts and protein are elevated in the skin and melanocytes of these mice, respectively, suggesting that these effects may be mediated locally. Togethe

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