https://www.selleckchem.com/products/cq211.html Pulmonary valve IE was confirmed at surgery by evaluation of pathologic samples in 20 cases. CONCLUSIONS Multimodal imaging improves the ability to preoperatively identify endocardial involvement in PV IE in cases where echo is negative. Consideration should be given to revise Duke criteria to include new obstruction and endocardial involvement by multimodal imaging for PV IE.INTRODUCTION Heterotaxy syndrome presents a unique challenge in surgical management, even in the current era. We hypothesized that certain anatomic subsets merit novel strategies. METHODS We analyzed morphologic details, surgeries, comorbidities, subsequent admissions, and survival using Kaplan-Meier methods and multivariable risk models from a single-institution experience of 103 consecutive patients with heterotaxy who underwent cardiac surgery between January 1, 1990, and May 31, 2016. RESULTS Of the 103 patients (50 males and 53 females), 31 had left atrial isomerism, 64 had right atrial isomerism (RAI), and 8 patients' isomerism was indeterminate (IND), with first cardiac operation at a mean 1.0 year (standard deviation ±3.0 years) of age. Kaplan-Meier overall survival estimate was 83.1% at six months, 77.8% at one year, 65.9% at five years, and 52.1% at ten years. Survival was particularly low among RAI following repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) at first operation, with one-early repair of TAPVC remains challenging. For this high-risk subset, alternative strategies such as early referral for cardiac transplantation evaluation warrant consideration.OBJECTIVE We investigated the incidence and etiologies for unplanned hospital readmissions during the first year following congenital heart surgery (CHS) at our institution and the potential association of readmissions with longer term survival. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 263 patients undergoing CHS at our institution from August 2011 to June 2015. Scheduled re