This study aimed at determining the synergistic effects of Yuanhu Zhitong tablets (YHZTP) on alcohol-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) in mice, in addition, the intervention mechanism was preliminarily explored based on traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) network pharmacology on alcohol addiction.
 
  Alcohol-induced CPP mice were used to evaluate the effects of either YHZTP or levo-tetrahydropalmatine (l-THP) plus imperatorin (IMP) administration on animal behavior. The network pharmacological strategy was used to establish the "compound-target" and "disease-drug-target" network. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed on the shared targets between the compound and the disease. Twelve algorithms on CytoHubba were used to find the hub genes that were verified by qPCR.
 
  Systemic administration (2 g/kg, i.p.) of ethanol (EtOH) to mice was used to induce CPP. YHZTP On its own did not induce CPP or conditioned place aversion (CPA) at the doses of 0.3 t on the reduction of EtOH-induced CPP. Possible pharmacological mechanisms include inhibition of the expression of inflammatory factors and regulation of neurotransmitter receptor levels.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/snx-2112.html  Therefore, YHZTP is a novel candidate for the treatment of alcohol addiction.
 YHZTP inhibits EtOH-induced CPP behavior in mice while a combination of l-THP and IMP exerts a synergistic effect on the reduction of EtOH-induced CPP. Possible pharmacological mechanisms include inhibition of the expression of inflammatory factors and regulation of neurotransmitter receptor levels. Therefore, YHZTP is a novel candidate for the treatment of alcohol addiction.Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) gene encodes a tumor suppressor protein which is altered in several malignancies. This protein is a negative regulator of the PI3K/AKT signaling. Several transcription factors regulate the expression of PTEN in positive or negative directions. Moreover, numerous microRNAs (miRNAs) have functional interactions with PTEN and inhibit its expression. Suppression of PTEN can attenuate the response of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents. Based on the critical role of this tumor suppressor gene, the identification of negative regulators of its expression has practical significance particularly in the prevention and management of cancer. Meanwhile, the interaction between miRNAs and PTEN has functional consequences in non-malignant disorders including myocardial infarction, osteoporosis, cerebral ischemic stroke, and recurrent abortion. In the present review, we describe the role of miRNAs in the regulation of expression and activity of PTEN.Accumulating evidence demonstrated that administration of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (ω-3 PUFA) or ascorbic acid (AA) following cardiac arrest (CA) improves survival. Therefore, we investigate the effects of ω-3 PUFA combined with AA on myocardial function after CA and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in a rat model. Thirty male rats were randomized into 5 groups (1) sham; (2) control; (3) ω-3 PUFA; (4) AA; (5) ω-3 PUFA + AA. Ventricular fibrillation (VF) was induced and untreated for 6 min followed by defibrillation after 8 min of CPR. Infusion of drug or vehicle occurred at the start of CPR. Myocardial function and sublingual microcirculation were measured at baseline and after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Heart tissues and blood were collected 6 h after ROSC. Myocardial function and sublingual microcirculation improvements were seen with ω-3 PUFA or AA compared to control after ROSC (p less then 0.05). ω-3 PUFA + AA shows a better myocardial function than ω-3 PUFA or AA (p less then 0.05). ω-3 PUFA or AA decreases pro-inflammatory cytokines, cTnI, myocardium malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) modified proteins compared to control (p less then 0.05). ω-3 PUFA and AA combined have lower MDA and 4-HNE modified proteins than alone (p less then 0.05). ω-3 PUFA or AA treatment reduces the severity of post-resuscitation myocardial dysfunction, improves sublingual microcirculation, decreases lipid peroxidation and systemic inflammation in the early phase of recovery following CA and resuscitation. A combination of ω-3 PUFA and AA treatment confers an additive effect in suppressing lipid peroxidation and improving myocardial function.Constituents of lupin seeds, like γ-conglutin and lupanine, have gained attention as potential complementary treatments for dysglycaemia management. Notwithstanding, the effect of other lupin components on carbohydrate metabolism, including β-conglutin protein, has received little attention. Here, we investigated the influence of the acute and chronic administration of β-conglutin on glycaemia modulation in normal and streptozotocin induced-to-diabetes rats. We analysed the liver transcriptome modulation exerted by β-conglutin in diabetes-induced rats using DNA microarrays to scout for potential molecular targets and pathways involved in this biological response. The acute administration of β-conglutin reduced the incremental area under the curve of glycaemia in normal and diabetes-induced animals. In a seven-day study with diabetic animals, glycaemia increased significantly in non-treated animals but remained unchanged in animals treated with a daily dose of β-conglutin. Total cholesterol was significantly lower at the end of the experimental period (-21.8 %, p = 0.039). The microarray and gene ontology analyses revealed several targets and pathways potentially modulated by β-conglutin treatment, including a possible down-regulation of Jun kinase activity. Moreover, our data indicate that targets related to oxidative stress, inflammation, and estrogenic activity might orchestrate these metabolic effects. In conclusion, our findings show that β-conglutin may help manage postprandial glycaemia and reduce cholesterol levels under the dysglycaemia stage. We identified and proposed new potential molecular targets for further research related to the mechanism of action of β-conglutin.The planning and location of resources for urban traffic management generate complex decision problems, given the uncertainty of variables that explain traffic behavior, the lack of data, and the large number of factors to be considered when creating optimal policies. In particular, the attention given to traffic-related accidents by local authorities requires the modeling and forecasting of events that are spatial and temporally defined. In this study we use data from the traffic police department in Bogota (Colombia) about incidents with injuries or fatalities between 2014 and 2016. We locate each event in spatial coordinates and crossed the observations with exogenous variables (climate, seasonal events and road properties). We model the spatiotemporal stochastic process for accidents using a Log-Gaussian Cox model given its flexibility as it enables the use of fixed and random effects. The results of this study are summarized in three main contributions (i) identification of principal factors that increase the risk of traffic accidents and fatalities; (ii) identification of critical zones in the city that require more attention; and (iii) a predictive tool to forecast accidents in the future, including the stochastic properties that can be used in a prescriptive model.