The study aimed to determine the effect of quercetin on the expression of primary regulator gene involved in lipogenesis and triglycerides synthesis in the liver, and the sterol regulatory binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) mRNA in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with a high-fat diet (HFD) model. Fifty-six Balb/c mice were divided into seven groups standard feed; HFD; HFD and quercetin 50mg/kg for 28days; HFD and quercetin 100mg/kgBW for 28days; HFD and quercetin 50mg/kg for 14days; HFD and quercetin 100mg/kg for 14days; HFD and repaired fed for 14days. Quercetin was administered intraperitoneally. The animals were sacrificed 24h after the last treatment; the liver was taken for macroscopic, histopathological staining using hematoxylin-eosin and reverse transcription-PCR analysis sample. HFD significantly increased the expression of SREBP-1c mRNA; meanwhile, quercetin and repaired feedsignificantly reduced the expression of SREBP-1c mRNA in the liver. Quercetin at a dose of 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg also improved liver cells' pathological profile in high-fat diet NAFLD. The present study suggests that quercetin has an inhibitory effect on SREBP-1c expression and improved liver pathology in NAFLD mice. The present study suggests that quercetin has an inhibitory effect on SREBP-1c expression and improved liver pathology in NAFLD mice. The purpose of this study is to use the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS-2) to determine the molecular characteristics of in rabbits from several areas of East Java. Collecting mites from rabbits with clinical signs of scabies; DNA extraction with minikit QIAamp DNA; polymerase chain reaction amplification; nucleotide sequence analysis; homology and phylogenetic tree using the Neighbor-Joining method in the program molecular evolutionary genetics analysis-7 (MEGA-7). Sequence analysis of ITS-2 from five regions in East Java showed an identity >91.23% with isolates from China (KX695125.1). The phylogenetic analysis of ITS-2 from Mojokerto rabbits has a close relationship with AB82977.1; Surabaya and Nganjuk rabbits are closely related to KX695125.1; while Sidoarjo and Pasuruan rabbits are closely related to EF514469.2. and AB369384.1. The homology analysis of all samples showed identity of more than 91.23% with isolate China (KX695125.1). The sequences of ITS-2 gen of from rabbits in several areas were relatively close to obtain various hosts from National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) data. The homology analysis of all samples showed identity of more than 91.23% with isolate China (KX695125.1). The sequences of ITS-2 gen of S. scabiei from rabbits in several areas were relatively close to S. scabiei obtain various hosts from National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) data. The association between stress and gastric ulcers has been well reported. This study is divided into two parts the first part of this study is consisted of analyzing the effect of fluvoxamine administration by intracerebroventricular (ICV) and intraperitoneal (IP) injections on stress-induced gastric ulcers. The second part investigates the effect of ondansetron in influencing the protection of the gastric mucous by giving fluvoxamine to the mice before being induced with stress. Water immersion restraint stress (WIRS) was used to induce stress. Fluvoxamine 50 and 100mg/kg by IP injection, fluvoxamine 9.3µg, and 18.6µg by ICV injection 30min before the induction of stress. Meanwhile, single drug and in combination administered to the mice, ondansetron 3mg/kg was given by IP at 60min, and fluvoxamine 50, 100mg/kg orally at 30min before stress induction. The obtained results show fluvoxamine 50 and 100mg/kg by IP, and fluvoxamine 18.6µg by ICV had significantly reduced ulcer index with p<0.005, p<0.001, and p<0.005 while fluvoxamine 9.3µg showed the insignificant result. Fluvoxamine 50mg/kg, fluvoxamine 100mg/kg, and ondansetron 3mg/kg monotherapy have a significant reduction in ulcers with p<0.005, p<0.001, and p<0.05, while the combination drugs showed an insignificant reduction in ulcers. Fluvoxamine with different administration routes and ondansetron monotherapy before stress reduce the occurrence of gastric ulcers, while the combination drugs did not increase the protective effect of the gastric mucosa. Fluvoxamine with different administration routes and ondansetron monotherapy before stress reduce the occurrence of gastric ulcers, while the combination drugs did not increase the protective effect of the gastric mucosa. Cyclodextrin's ability to form an inclusion complex with a guest molecule is a function of two factors. The first is steric and depends on the relative size of cyclodextrin cavity to the guest molecule, while the second is the thermodynamic interaction between the different system components. This study therefore aims to determine the effect of β-cyclodextrin and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin as complex formers, on thermodynamic parameter values (Δ , Δ , and Δ ) in the formation of inclusion complex with -methoxycinnamic acid ( MCA). The MCA complex formation with β-cyclodextrin or hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin was determined in 0.02 pH 4.0M acetate buffer and 0.02M pH 7.0 phosphate buffer, with a 0.2 µ value at 32, 37, and 42±0.5°C. This experiment was carried out in a waterbath shaker until a saturated solution was obtained. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/marimastat.html Subsequently, MCA concentration was determined using UV spectrophotometer at the maximum MCA wavelength, at each pH. The result showed MCA formed inclusion complex with β-cyclodextrin or hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and exhibited increased solubility with increase in β-cyclodextrin or hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin concentration. This temperature rise led to a decrease in the complex's constant stability ( ). Furthermore, the interaction showed a negative enthalpy (∆ <0) and is a spontaneous processes (∆ <0). At pH 4.0, an increase in the system's entropy occurred (∆ >0), however, at pH 7.0, the system's entropy decreased (∆ <0). The rise in MCA solubility with increase in cyclodextrin solution concentration indicates an inclusion complex has been formed, and is supported by thermodynamic data. The rise in pMCA solubility with increase in cyclodextrin solution concentration indicates an inclusion complex has been formed, and is supported by thermodynamic data.