https://www.selleckchem.com/products/phtpp.html A study was conducted on broiler birds for 42 days to determine the effect of feeding azolla along with direct-fed microbial (DFM) on growth performance, nutrient utilization, biochemical parameters and carcass characteristics. A total of 360-day-old male broiler chicks were divided into 3 groups and 12 replicates with 10 chicks per replicate, according to complete randomized block design. One group was fed a diet containing 2.5% azolla (A) and another was fed a diet containing 2.5% azolla, with direct-fed microbial (A + DFM), viz. L. plantarum and L. rhamnosus, at the concentration of 13.4 × 108 and 1.52 × 108 CFU per mL, respectively, mixed in the daily quota of feed. The control group (CON) was fed a basal diet without azolla and DFM. Azolla fed alone and with DFM did not affect growth performance and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of birds during pre-starter and starter phase; however, significantly (P  less then  0.05) lower weight gain and higher FCR were observed during finisher period, resulting in an impaired overall FCR. Decreased (P  less then  0.05) plasma cholesterol and increased (P  less then  0.05) tibial calcium content were observed in birds fed azolla with DFM. The highest value (P  less then  0.05) of carcass characteristics like gizzard weight, breast muscle yield and lower meat pH were recorded in the birds fed azolla in combination with DFM, followed by birds fed azolla alone. In conclusion, azolla feeding at 2.5% level shows positive effect on breast muscle yield and gizzard weight of broiler which can be enhanced upon adding DFM to azolla-based diet. Complex ankle fractures accompanied with infection and segmental bone loss are a worrying issue. This prospective study was conducted to explore the effectiveness of using Ilizarov concepts in achieving salvage arthrodesis and reconstructing post-debridement defects in such complicated scenarios. A total of 44 consecutive patients (mean age 35.61 ± 8.