https://www.selleckchem.com/products/sn-011-gun35901.html BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the cardiovascular effects of N-phenyl-itaconimide (Imide-1), N-4-methyl-phenyl-itaconimide (Imide-2), N-4-methoxy-phenyl-itaconimide (Imide-3) and N-4-chloro-phenyl-itaconimide (Imide-4), and investigate the mechanisms of action involved in the observed responses. METHODS The relaxant effect was investigated in rat superior mesenteric arteries by using isometric tension measurements. Additionally, in isolated atria were evaluated the heart rate and force of cardiac contraction and in vivo experiments was evaluated blood pressure and heart rate. RESULTS Cumulative administration of itaconimides (3 × 10-8 to 3 × 10-4 M) in pre-contracted mesenteric artery rings with phenylephrine, 1 μM, induced endothelium-independent vasorelaxation. The itaconimides showed similar maximum efficacies. Additionally, Imide-3 induced vasorelaxation in rings exposed to a depolarizing-tyrode solution containing 60 mM KCl or 20 mM KCl similar to the control, suggesting the non-particidia.About 40% of the papers within the scientific oeuvre of Manfred Göthert (1939-2019) were dedicated to serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT). He was not only the witness of the gradual definition of the fourteen 5-HT receptor subtypes but also was involved directly by identifying 5-HT1B, 5-HT1D and 5-HT3 receptors. Moreover, he identified presynaptic 5-HT receptors on central and/or peripheral serotoninergic, noradrenergic and/or cholinergic neurones. Two inhibitory (5-HT1B, 5-HT1D) and two facilitatory (5-HT3, 5-HT4) receptors were found, the 5-HT1B receptor representing a possible target for antidepressant drugs. Ten years earlier than electrophysiologists, he identified ligand-gated receptors like the 5-HT3 and the nicotinic acetylcholine (nACh) receptor as targets of halothane. Simultaneously with, but independent of, other authors he found that ethanol allosterically inhibits N-methyl-D-aspartate