Chronic alcohol exposure provoked autophagy and PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy without affecting lysosome-dependent autophagic flux, the effects of which were diminished by Parkin deletion. Parkin adenovirus infection in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes further increased autophagy and protected against alcohol-induced myocardial injury, effects blocked by siRNA for Ambra1 (Autophagy and Beclin1 regulator 1). Immunofluorescence staining and co-immunoprecipitation assays showed interactions between Parkin and Ambra1.
 
  Parkin was essential for cardiac homeostasis in alcohol challenge, accompanied by increased autophagy/mitophagy and maintenance of mitochondrial integrity through its interaction with Ambra1.
 Parkin was essential for cardiac homeostasis in alcohol challenge, accompanied by increased autophagy/mitophagy and maintenance of mitochondrial integrity through its interaction with Ambra1.Periacetabular metastatic lesions cause debilitating weight-bearing pain and pose a risk of pelvic pathologic fracture. Minimally invasive percutaneous stabilization is an alternative palliative therapy over extensive open reconstructive surgeries. This study aimed to investigate the biomechanical behaviors of three distinct techniques of percutaneous periacetabular stabilization. A total of 20 composite hemipelves custom-made to contain Harrington type III periacetabular lesion based on a patient's computed tomograpy scans were assigned to treatment groups of cementoplasty alone using polymethyl methacrylate (Cement), screw fixation alone using ischial and posterior-to-anterior screws (Screws), cement-augmented screws (Screws&Cement), and a control group (Untreated). All hemipelves were loaded in a mechanical test configuration mimicking a single-legged stance, and failure load, failure deformation, and construct stiffness were determined. In the experiments, Screws&Cement demonstrated the highest yield strength (4711 ± 362 N) and was 12% higher than Cement (4005 ± 304 N, p = 0.019), 125% higher than Screws (2097 ± 359 N, p  less then  0.0001), and 184% higher than Untreated (1658 ± 254 N, p  less then  0.0001). No significant difference in yield strength was found between Screws and Untreated. Screws&Cement also demonstrated the highest stiffness (1013 ± 92 N/mm), followed by Cement (893 ± 49 N/mm), and both groups were significantly stiffer than Screws (543 ± 114 N/mm, p  less then  0.0001) and Untreated (580 ± 91 N/mm, p  less then  0.0001 for Screws&Cement, and p = 0.0003 for Cement). This study demonstrated that a cement-augmented periacetabular reconstruction is an effective option for percutaneous treatment of Harrington III periacetabular metastatic lesion. The addition of pelvic screws over cementoplasty significantly improved the pelvis load-bearing strength. When large periacetabular lesions are present, augmented screw fixation appears to be the superior choice of treatment.Liupao tea (LPT) is traditional dark Chinese tea. The effect of LPT extract on high-fat-diet-induced obese mice was investigated systematically. The results showed that LPT extract could reduce body weight and significantly alleviate liver damage and fat accumulation. LPT could also decrease the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and increase the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the liver. It also decreased the serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 and increased the serum levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-10 and IL-4. Moreover, LPT improved the levels of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT) and reduced the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver. Moreover, LPT could upregulate the mRNA and protein expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1(CPT1), and cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and downregulate those of PPAR-γ and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBP-α) in the liver. It also increased the mRNA expression of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1), manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2), CAT, gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase 1 (GSH1), and GSH-Px. The components of LPT extract include catechin, rutin, taxifolin, and astragalin, which possibly have a wide range of biological activities. In conclusion, our work verified that LPT extract possessed an anti-obesity effect and alleviated obesity-related symptoms, including lipid metabolism disorder, chronic low-grade inflammation, and liver damage, by modulating lipid metabolism and oxidative stress.
  Bacterial symbionts in insects, especially aphids, have a major influence on host adaptation. We previously showed that infection with the secondary symbiont Hamiltonella defensa increases the fitness of the wheat aphid Sitobion miscanthi, yielding increases in fitness parameters such as adult weight and offspring number. However, whether H. defensa affects the sensitivity of host aphids to insecticides remains unknown.
 
  We tested the effects of H. defensa on host aphid susceptibility to the insecticides chlorpyrifos methyl, imidacloprid, cyantraniliprole and acetamiprid. Our results showed that compared with Hamiltonella-free aphid clones, Hamiltonella-infected aphid clones exhibited lower sensitivity to most of the tested insecticides at low concentrations. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that the density of H. defensa in the infected clones was slightly decreased at 24 h but then sharply increased until the late stage after treatment with the different insecticides. H. defensa in the host ost. Therefore, symbiont-mediated insecticide resistance should be taken into account when performing resistance-monitoring studies.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/plx5622.html  Studies of symbiont-mediated insecticide resistance may enhance our understanding of the emergence of insecticide resistance in agricultural systems. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.