7, 88.1, 48.4, 89.4, and 10.1%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of CEUS was better than the conventional ultrasound [area under the curve (AUC), 0.729 vs. 0.616, P = 0.021]. The enhancement patterns of CEUS were helpful in the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules with intermediate and low suspicion. Copyright © 2020 Xi, Gao, Wu, Fang, Xu, Liu, Yang, Zhu, Zhao, Lai, Zhang, Zhang and Jiang.MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can participate in many behaviors of various tumors. Prior studies have reported that miR-15b-5p in different tumors can either promote or inhibit tumor progression. In breast cancer, the role of miR-15b-5p is unclear. The main objective of this paper is to explore miR-15b-5p effects and their mechanisms in breast cancer using both in vitro and in vivo experiments. This study showed that miR-15b-5p expression was upregulated in breast cancer compared with normal breast tissue and was positively correlated with poor overall survival in patients. Knockdown of miR-15b-5p in MCF-7 and MD-MBA-231 breast cancer cells restrained cell growth and invasiveness and induced apoptosis, whereas overexpression of miR-15b-5p achieved the opposite effects. We next revealed a negative correlation between miR-15b-5p and heparanase-2 (HPSE2) expression in breast cancer. Knockdown of miR-15b-5p significantly increased HPSE2 expression at both mRNA and protein levels in breast cancer cells in vitro. The underlying mechanisms of miR-15-5p in breast cancer were investigated using luciferase activity reporter assay and rescue experiments. In addition, miR-15b-5p knockdown significantly inhibited tumor growth in a xenograft model in mice. In summary, we showed that miR-15b-5p promotes breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by directly targeting HPSE2. Accordingly, miR-15b-5p may serve both as a tool for prognosis and as a target for therapy of breast cancer patients. Copyright © 2020 Wu, Liu, Jin, Yang, Zhang, Ding, Zhou, Pan and Wei.Background There existed limited evidence about prognosis of young-onset early colorectal cancer (ECRC). In the present study, we aimed to compare prognosis between patients with young-onset ECRCs and patients with conventional ECRCs. Method Patients with surgically resected, histologically diagnosed ECRCs were retrieved from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Young-onset ECRC was defined as ECRC occurring in patients aged less then 50 years.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/sovilnesib.html  Five-years relative survival was calculated at the time of diagnosed year and linear regression was performed to analyze the association between 5-years relative survival and age. The multivariate Cox regression, multivariate competing risk model, and propensity score matching (PSM) and univariate analysis weighted by the inverse probability of treatment weight (IPTW) were used to compare overall survival (OS) between young-onset ECRCs and conventional ECRCs. Results A total of 51,197 ECRCs were retrieved from SEER database, including 4,634 young-onset ECRCs and 46,563 conventional ECRCs. Five-years relative survival was found to be moderately associated with different age groups (R = -0.725, P = 0.0034). Patients with young-onset ECRCs (96.7%) had similar 5-years relative survival compared with conventional ECRCs (96.3%). However, multivariate Cox regression [HR (hazard ratio), 0.18; 95% CI 0.16-0.20; P less then 0.001] showed better OS in young-onset ECRCs. After PSM, we still found favored prognosis for young-onset ECRCs under univariate Cox regression (HR, 0.18; 95% CI 0.16-0.21; P less then 0.001). Similar results could also be found in the univariate Cox regression weighted by IPTW (HR, 0.17; 95% CI 0.17-0.18; P less then 0.001). Conclusions Patients with young-onset ECRCs had similar relative survival but better OS compared with conventional ECRCs. Copyright © 2020 Chen, Zhang, Pan, Wang, Zhang and Li.Background Similar rare Robertsonian and balanced reciprocal translocation in both child and mother with a history of multiple miscarriages in the first trimester was the motive to write this case report. Cytogenetic analysis helps in genetic counselling of infertility, BOH and dysmorphology which in turn helps in pre implantation genetic testing. Although many case reports have already been published about Robertsonian and balanced translocations, this is the first case report in India which showed both types of translocation in the same patient, rob (13;14) and t (4;7). Interestingly, in the same patient, same translocations were also identified in the mother and father having no chromosomal abnormalities. Case Presentation Proband with dysmorphology was refered first for karyotyping and later parental karyotyping was performed. Conclusion Cytogenetic analysis plays an important role in the diagnosis and management of disease along with prenatal screening. Copyright© 2020, Avicenna Research Institute.Background Currently, scientists are looking for a solution to the problem of the couples who have a lack of germ cells by through cell therapy. It is found that human amniotic membrane mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) could be a good candidate for solving this problem. In the present study, an attempt was made to show that hUMSCs can express the PGC markers in the presence of retinoic acid (RA). Methods Placenta was obtained from healthy mothers and amniotic stem cells were isolated by enzymatic method from amniotic membrane. The cells were treated by retinoic acid for 14 days. Mesenchymal properties of hAMSCs were assessed by flow-cytometry and expression of PGC markers was established by Q-PCR. Results Mesenchymal stem cell properties were confirmed by antibodies against mesenchymal stem cell markers (CD73, CD90, and CD105). After that, the expression of the C-kit, Oct4, SSEA4, VASA genes were determined as primordial germ cell markers using quantitative PCR. It was found that the use of retinoic acid led to the highest expression of C-kit, SSEA4, VASA genes and lower expression of Oct4. Conclusion Our study indicates that retinoic acid can be used as a suitable factor for induction of hAMSCs into primordial germ cells (PGCs) and hAMSCs have enough potential to do that. Copyright© 2020, Avicenna Research Institute.