Our results thus suggest that Skp2-mediated degradation of p57 is an important determinant of the self-renewal capacity of TSCs during placental development, at least in mice of certain genetic backgrounds. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have consistently shown diminished white matter (WM) integrity for individuals with cocaine use disorder (CUD). The present study used seed-based d mapping (SDM) to determine the extent to which a systematic difference in the WM integrity of cocaine users may exist (as compared with that of healthy controls). Articles from 2006 (when TBSS was first developed) to present were reviewed, with eight selected for inclusion. Meta-analysis found lower fractional anisotropy (FA) in the genu of the corpus callosum for cocaine users, with a small-to-moderate peak effect size (Hedge's g = -0.331). Sensitivity analyses mostly supported the robustness of the obtained difference. Differences detected at exploratory thresholds for significance suggested insult to WM integrity extending beyond the corpus callosum. The present results compliment a previous region-of-interest (ROI)-based meta-analysis of DTI studies in individuals with CUD. These findings have significant implications for the potential role of neuroprotective agents in the treatment of CUD and merit additional iteration as more studies accrue in the literature. © 2020 Society for the Study of Addiction.Herein we report construction of efficient light-harvesting antennae by hybridization of DNA oligonucleotides containing extremely high densities of fluorophores into DNA junctions. Six pyrene donors could be incorporated into each arm without self-quenching using D-threoninol. A perylene acceptor was located at the center of the junction. Antenna effects of a duplex and three to eight-way junctions were systematically compared. Six- and eight-way junctions had the highest antenna effects and their effective absorption coefficients were 8.5 times higher than that of perylene. Interestingly, even-numbered junctions had higher efficiencies than odd-numbered junctions. Non-denaturing gel analyses and fluorescent lifetime measurements demonstrated that the strong odd-even effects were derived from differences in yields of junctions. The results presented will guide design of efficient artificial photosynthetic systems. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are metabolic disorders that affect the glycosylation of proteins and lipids. Since glycosylation affects all organs, CDG show a wide spectrum of phenotypes. We present a patient with microcephaly, dysmorphic facies, congenital heart defect, focal epilepsy, infantile spasms, skeletal dysplasia, and a type 1 serum transferrin isoelectrofocusing due to a novel CDG caused by a homozygous variant in the oligosaccharyltransferase complex noncatalytic subunit (OSTC) gene involved in glycosylation and confirmed by serum transferrin electrophoresis. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The RENEW trial demonstrated that bronchoscopic lung volume reduction using endobronchial coils improves quality of life, pulmonary function and exercise performance. In this post hoc analysis of RENEW, we examine the mechanism of action of endobronchial coils that drives improvement in clinical outcomes. METHODS A total of 78 patients from the RENEW coil-treated group who were treated in one or both lobes that were deemed as the most destroyed were included in this retrospective analysis. Expiratory and inspiratory HRCT scans were used to assess lobar volume change from baseline to 12 months post coil treatment in treated and untreated lobes. RESULTS Reduction in lobar RV in treated lobes was significantly associated with favourable clinical improvement.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/apx-115-free-base.html  Independent predictor of the change in RV and FEV1 was the change in lobar RV reduction in the treated lobes and for change in 6MWD the absence of cardiac disease and the change in SGRQ, while the independent predictor of change in SGRQ was the change in 6MWD. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that residual lobar volume reduction in treated lobes measured by QCT is the driving mechanism of action of endobronchial coils leading to positive clinical outcomes. However, the improvement in exercise capacity and quality of life seems to be affected by the presence of cardiac disease. © 2020 The Authors. Respirology published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Asian Pacific Society of Respirology.Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are recommended for glycaemic management in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Oral semaglutide, the first oral GLP-1RA, has recently been approved for clinical use, based on the results of the randomised, Phase 3a Peptide InnOvatioN for Early DiabEtes Treatment (PIONEER) clinical trials. The PIONEER programme tested oral semaglutide in patients with T2D of duration ranging from 3.5 to 15 years, from monotherapy through to insulin add-on, in global populations and two trials dedicated to Japanese patients. Outcomes (glycated haemoglobin [HbA1c ] and body weight reduction, plus other relevant efficacy and safety endpoints) were tested against both placebo and active standard-of-care medications. A separate trial evaluated the cardiovascular safety of oral semaglutide in patients with T2D at high cardiovascular risk. Over periods of treatment up to 78 weeks, oral semaglutide 7 and 14 mg once daily reduced HbA1c and body weight across the spectrum of T2D, anight. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.OBJECTIVE The incidence of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been reported to be rising but there is also evidence that it has been attenuated in recent years. We described the time trends and the incidence of T1D in children in Hong Kong from 2008-2017 and compared with the previous local registry in 1997-2007. METHODS Data were extracted from the Hong Kong Childhood Diabetes Registry, which was established in 2016. It consists of a retrospective registry (including all childhood diabetes diagnosed in 2008 to 2015) and a prospective registry (including all T1D children diagnosed from 2016 onwards). All T1D children diagnosed at the age of less than 18 years from first January 2008 to 31st December 2017 and managed in the public system were included in this study. RESULTS For the incident years in the 2008-2017 period, a total of 498 children with T1D was identified. The crude incidence rate was 4.3 per 100 000 person/year (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.96-4.72), which was much higher than the last registry of 2.