The false positive rate of the PPI test for the diagnosis of typical symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is extremely high.
 
  This study aims to investigate the effect of the pepsin test on GERD and laparoscopy-assisted anti-reflux surgery for GERD.
 
  A total of 30 GERD patients were enrolled into this study, and the pre-diagnosis of GERD was determined by symptom evaluation, impedance-pH examination, gastroscopy and pepsin test. All patients underwent surgery.
 
  Among the 30 GERD patients, 18 patients were male and 12 were female, and their average age was 58.2 + 12.6years old. The patients were treated with laparoscopic fundoplication and hiatus hernia repair after preoperative assessment. A total of 28 patients were followed up, one patient developed recurrent symptoms, and one patient developed postoperative dysphagia and received non-operative treatment. Furthermore, the symptom scores were significantly lower at postoperative pepsin detection when compared to the scores before the operation (pepsin preoperative 148.8 ± 82.6, postoperative 30.7 ± 24.6; t= 4.848, P= 0.000).
 
  Laparoscopic fundoplication and hiatus hernia repair may effectively control the symptoms of GERD. Furthermore, the detection of pepsin is non-invasive and easy to operate.
 Laparoscopic fundoplication and hiatus hernia repair may effectively control the symptoms of GERD. Furthermore, the detection of pepsin is non-invasive and easy to operate.
  Studies demonstrated the efficacy of virtual reality (VR) as a method supporting the post-stroke neuro-rehabilitation process by activating motor learning processes. Nevertheless, stroke is frequently accompanied by serious psychological problems including depression, which is associated with an increased risk of mortality, lower post-stroke physical activity, and higher disability in stroke patients.
 
  To explore the current use of VR as a method supporting the neuro-rehabilitation process, both in physical and psychological dimensions.
 
  An exploratory review was conducted with a narrative synthesis. PubMed was used for literature search. Search includes the use of VR in physical rehabilitation, and as support therapy in psychiatric disorders. Both primary research and systematic reviews were included.
 
  In neurological disorders rehabilitation, out of 22 studies, 16 concerned stroke survivors. In psychiatric disorders, 44 literature reviews were included.
 
  The studies confirmed the effectiveness of various forms of VR treatment in the alleviation of psychological and behavioral problems and psychiatric disorders. There is a shortage of VR-based technological solutions that would, besides physical rehabilitation, offer stroke patients therapeutic tools to alleviate psychological disturbance and improve the patient's mood and motivation. Such solutions will most likely become a field of intensive research in the coming years.
 The studies confirmed the effectiveness of various forms of VR treatment in the alleviation of psychological and behavioral problems and psychiatric disorders. There is a shortage of VR-based technological solutions that would, besides physical rehabilitation, offer stroke patients therapeutic tools to alleviate psychological disturbance and improve the patient's mood and motivation. Such solutions will most likely become a field of intensive research in the coming years.
  Multiple sclerosis (MS) has a huge impact on patients and affects their ability to participate in meaningful activities.
 
  To identify motor and non-motor factors that are associated with the participation level in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), leisure, social and religious activities in people with MS.
 
  This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 110 individuals with MS. The used outcome measures are Arabic version of the Activity Card Sort, Berg Balance Scale, Modified Fatigue Impact Scale, Nine Hole Peg Test, 6-Minute Walk Test, Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis, Stroop test and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.
 
  Hand function, balance, gender and cognitive status can predict the participation in IADL (R2 = 0.425, P < 0.0001); depression, age, and cognitive status can predict the participation in leisure activities (R2 = 0.372, P < 0.0001), and fatigue, balance and cognitive status can predict social activities participation (R2 = 0.492, P < 0.000).
 
  Balance, cognition and fatigue affect the level of participation in instrumental activities of daily living, leisure, and religious and social activities.
 Balance, cognition and fatigue affect the level of participation in instrumental activities of daily living, leisure, and religious and social activities.
  To explore the impact of rehabilitation robot training (RRT) on upper limb motor function and daily activity ability in patients with stroke.
 
  Forty patients meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into the treatment group (TRE) and the control group (CON). Group TRE was trained with an upper limb rehabilitation robot and group CON was trained with traditional occupational therapy. The training time was six weeks, and the upper limb function and daily activities were then assessed.
 
  (1) There was no statistical significance in the Fugl-Meyer (FM) score, Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) score, and Modified Barthel Index (MBI) score between the two groups before treatment (P > 0.05). (2) After treatment, the FM score, WMFT score, and MBI score were significantly higher than before treatment (P < 0.01). (3) There was no significant significance between the two groups after treatment (P > 0.05).
 
  Both RRT and traditional occupational therapy training are useful for the recovery of upper limb motor function and daily life ability in the sub-acute stage of stroke.
 Both RRT and traditional occupational therapy training are useful for the recovery of upper limb motor function and daily life ability in the sub-acute stage of stroke.
  Recently, the potential rehabilitation value of music has been examined and music-based interventions and techniques such as the Negative Mismatch (MMN) have been increasingly investigated in the neurological rehabilitation context.
 
  The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a negative mismatch-based therapy on the disability and quality of life in patients with stroke in sub-acute phase.
 
  Thirty patients with a stroke diagnosis in sub-acute phase were randomly assigned to one of two groups Mismatch (Mg) or Control (CTRLg) group. Both groups used an innovative Android application Temporal Musical Patterns Organisation (Te.M.P.O). The Disability Rating Scale (DRS), the Modified Barthel Index (MBI) and the Stroke Specific Quality of Life scale (SSQoL) were used at the baseline (T0) and after four weeks of training (T1), in order to assess changes over time.
 
  Statistical analysis was performed using the data of 24 (Mg = 12, CTRLg = 12) subjects.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ew-7197.html  The results show a major improvement of the Mg with respect to the CTRLg in all clinical scales score.