3% pre-mandate to 29.0% post-mandate.
 
  From these changes, it is evident that the UNOS mandate achieved its goal of increasing equity of liver organ allocation, but HCC patients are nonetheless dropping off of the wait list at an increased rate and are therefore disadvantaged.
 From these changes, it is evident that the UNOS mandate achieved its goal of increasing equity of liver organ allocation, but HCC patients are nonetheless dropping off of the wait list at an increased rate and are therefore disadvantaged.
  Pain control is an important aspect of rib fracture management. With a rise in multimodal care approaches, we hypothesized that transdermal lidocaine patches reduce opioid utilization in hospitalized patients with acute rib fractures not requiring continuous opioid infusion.
 
  We performed a retrospective analysis of adult trauma patients with acute rib fractures admitted to the Trauma Service from January 2011 to October 2018. We compared patients who received transdermal lidocaine patches to those who did not and evaluated cumulative opioid consumption, expressed in morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs). Secondary outcomes included the rate of pulmonary complications and length of hospital stay.
 
  Of the 21 190 trauma admissions, 3927 (18.5%) had rib fractures. Overall, 1555 patients who received continuous opioid infusion were excluded. Of the remaining 2372 patients, 725 (30.6%) patients received lidocaine patches. The mean total MME of patients who received lidocaine patches was 55.7 MME (30.7 MME on multivariate analysis) and was lower than that of patients who did not receive lidocaine patches (
  ≤ .01). There was no difference in hospital length of stay (no lidocaine patches vs received lidocaine patches 6.2 days vs 6.5 days, 
  = .34) or pulmonary complications (1.7% vs 2.8%, 
  = .08).
 
  In admitted trauma patients with acute rib fractures not requiring continuous intravenous opiates, lidocaine patch use was associated with a significant decrease in opiate utilization during the patients' hospital course.
 In admitted trauma patients with acute rib fractures not requiring continuous intravenous opiates, lidocaine patch use was associated with a significant decrease in opiate utilization during the patients' hospital course.The use of spin waves (SWs) as data carriers in spintronic and magnonic logic devices offers operation at low power consumption, free of Joule heating. Nevertheless, the controlled emission and propagation of SWs in magnetic materials remains a significant challenge. Here, we propose that skyrmion-antiskyrmion bilayers form topological charge dipoles and act as efficient sub-100 nm SW emitters when excited by in-plane ac magnetic fields. The propagating SWs have a preferred radiation direction, with clear dipole signatures in their radiation pattern, suggesting that the bilayer forms a SW antenna. Bilayers with the same topological charge radiate SWs with spiral and antispiral spatial profiles, enlarging the class of SW patterns. We demonstrate that the characteristics of the emitted SWs are linked to the topology of the source, allowing for full control of the SW features, including their amplitude, preferred direction of propagation, and wavelength.Excited-state electron transfer (ET) across molecules/transition metal dichalcogenide crystal (TMDC) interfaces is a critical process for the functioning of various organic/TMDC hybrid optoelectronic devices. Therefore, it is important to understand the fundamental factors that can facilitate or limit the ET rate.  https://www.selleckchem.com/screening-libraries.html  Here it is found that an undesirable combination of the interfacial band offset and the spatial dimensionality of the delocalized electron wave function can significantly slow down the ET process. Specifically, it is found that whereas the ET rate from TMDCs (MoS2 and WSe2) to fullerenes is relative insensitive to the band offset, the ET rate from TMDCs to perylene molecules can be reduced by an order of magnitude when the band offset is large. For the perylene crystal, the sensitivity of the ET rate on the band offset is explained by the 1D nature of the electronic wave function, which limits the availability of states with the appropriate energy to accept the electron.Advances in quantum information science (QIS) require the development of new molecular materials to serve as microwave addressable qubits that can be read out optically. Laser photoexcitation of organic π-conjugated molecules often results in spin-polarized phosphorescent triplet states that can be readily observed and manipulated using time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) techniques. Photoexcitation of N-mesityl-1,8-naphthalimide (M-NMI) and its phosphorus analogues, 2-mesitylbenzoisophosphinoline (M-BIPD) and 2-mesitylbenzoisophosphinoline oxide (M-BIPDO) results in ultrafast spin-orbit charge-transfer intersystem crossing to form the corresponding phosphorescent triplet states M- 3* NMI, M- 3* BIPD and M- 3* BIPDO. The ultrafast triplet formation dynamics, phosphorescence, and spin-polarized EPR spectra of these triplet states were examined. The most promising qubit candidate, M- 3* BIPD, was examined using pulse-EPR to measure its spin relaxation times, and pulse electron-nuclear double resonance spectroscopy to perform a two-qubit CNOT gate using the phosphorus nuclear spin.The Consortium for Top-Down Proteomics (www.topdownproteomics.org) launched the present study to assess the current state of top-down mass spectrometry (TD MS) and middle-down mass spectrometry (MD MS) for characterizing monoclonal antibody (mAb) primary structures, including their modifications. To meet the needs of the rapidly growing therapeutic antibody market, it is important to develop analytical strategies to characterize the heterogeneity of a therapeutic product's primary structure accurately and reproducibly. The major objective of the present study is to determine whether current TD/MD MS technologies and protocols can add value to the more commonly employed bottom-up (BU) approaches with regard to confirming protein integrity, sequencing variable domains, avoiding artifacts, and revealing modifications and their locations. We also aim to gather information on the common TD/MD MS methods and practices in the field. A panel of three mAbs was selected and centrally provided to 20 laboratories worldwide for the analysis Sigma mAb standard (SiLuLite), NIST mAb standard, and the therapeutic mAb Herceptin (trastuzumab).