Quantitative analysis revealed an increase in laterality index (LI) in non-English fMRI compared to English fMRI. The Dice coefficient demonstrated fair overlap (.458 ± .160) between the activation maps. CONCLUSION Bilingual fMRI mapping of bilingual patients allows to better appreciate functionally active language areas that may be neglected in single language mapping. Utility of bilingual mapping was supported by changes in both surgical approach and LI measurements, suggesting its benefit on preoperative language mapping. © 2020 by the American Society of Neuroimaging.Active fires are considered to be the key contributor to, and critical consequence of, climate change. Quantifying the occurrence frequency and regional variations in global active fires is significant for assessing carbon cycling, atmospheric chemistry, and postfire ecological effects. Multiscale variations in fire occurrence frequencies have still never been fully investigated despite free access to global active fire products. We analyzed the occurrence frequencies of Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) active fires at national, pan-regional (tropics and extratropics) to global scales and at hourly, monthly, and annual scales during 2012-2017. The results revealed that the accumulated occurrence frequencies of VIIRS global active fires were up to 12,193 × 104 , yet exhibiting slight fluctuations annually and with respect to the 2014-2016 El Niño event, especially during 2015. About 35.52% of VIIRS active fires occurred from July to September, particularly in August (13.06%), and typically bet, and assessment of their potential impacts. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Imaging-based selection of stroke patients for endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) remains an ongoing challenge. Our aim was to determine the value of a combined parameter of ischemic core volume (ICV) and the relative degree of cerebral blood flow in the penumbra for morphologic and clinical outcome prediction. METHODS In this Institutional Review Board (IRB)-approved prospective observational study, 221 consecutive patients with large vessel occlusion anterior circulation stroke within 6 hours of symptom onset and subsequent EVT were included between June 2015 and August 2017. Admission computed tomography perfusion was analyzed using automated threshold-based algorithms. Perfusion-weighted ICV (pw-ICV) was calculated by multiplying ICV with the relative cerebral blood flow reduction within the penumbra. Functional outcome was assessed by standardized assessment of the modified Rankin scale (mRS) after 3 months. RESULTS In multivariate analyses, pw-ICV was significantly associated with final infarction volume (FIV) (β = .38, P less then .001) after adjustment for penumbra volume, age, sex and time from symptom onset. In separate multivariate analysis with either pw-ICV or ICV, pw-ICV outperformed ICV for the prediction of FIV (Akaike's information criterion 1,072 vs. 1,089; conditional variable importance 1,494 vs. 955). There was also a highly significant association between FIV and clinical outcome as measured by an mRS score of 2 or less (odds ratio per 10 mL = .78, P less then .001). Both pw-ICV and ICV were significantly associated with NIHSS improvement (both P less then .05). CONCLUSION In EVT-treated stroke patients, pw-ICV outperforms the more commonly used ICV in the prediction of morphological and functional outcome. © 2020 by the American Society of Neuroimaging.In five large-scale trials involving >40 000 patients, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors decreased the risk of serious heart failure events by 25-40%. This effect cannot be explained by control of hyperglycaemia, since it is not observed with antidiabetic drugs with greater glucose-lowering effects. It cannot be attributed to ketogenesis, since it is not causally linked to ketone body production, and the benefit is not enhanced in patients with diabetes. The effect cannot be ascribed to a natriuretic action, since SGLT2 inhibitors decrease natriuretic peptides only modestly, and they reduce cardiovascular death, a benefit that diuretics do not possess. Although SGLT2 inhibitors increase red blood cell mass, enhanced erythropoiesis does not favourably influence the course of heart failure. By contrast, experimental studies suggest that SGLT2 inhibitors may reduce intracellular sodium, thereby preventing oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte death. Additionally, SGLT2 inhibitors induce a transcriptional paradigm that mimics nutrient and oxygen deprivation, which includes activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, sirtuin-1, and/or hypoxia-inducible factors-1α/2α. The interplay of these mediators stimulates autophagy, a lysosomally-mediated degradative pathway that maintains cellular homeostasis. Autophagy-mediated clearance of damaged organelles reduces inflammasome activation, thus mitigating cardiomyocyte dysfunction and coronary microvascular injury. Interestingly, the action of hypoxia-inducible factors-1α/2α to both stimulate erythropoietin and induce autophagy may explain why erythrocytosis is strongly correlated with the reduction in heart failure events. Therefore, the benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors on heart failure may be mediated by a direct cardioprotective action related to modulation of pathways responsible for cardiomyocyte homeostasis. © 2020 The Authors. European Journal of Heart Failure published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Society of Cardiology.RATIONALE, AIMS, AND OBJECTIVES The article looks at how, during consultations, pregnant women identified as presenting an increased risk of giving birth to a child with an impairment, and practitioners in the field of prenatal diagnosis, decide whether or not to accept the risk of a miscarriage and proceed with a diagnostic examination. METHODS We conducted 63 observations of consultations in France and 22 in England. Participants were women for whom an elevated risk of abnormality had been identified and the practitioners involved in their care. Our analytical approach consisted in suspending the normative concepts of nondirectiveness and autonomy, and in drawing on Goffman's (1974) notion of "frame" to take account of the experiential and structural aspects that the protagonists bring into the (inter)actions.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/zanubrutini-bgb-3111.html  RESULTS We identified four frames medico-scientific expertise, medical authority, religious authority, and compassion. Observation of the ways in which the frames intertwine during consultations revealed configurations that facilitate or hinder the fluidity of the interactions and the decision-making process.