d early intervention should be pursued to mitigate poor outcomes.
 COVID-19 is associated with a small but significant risk of clinically relevant cerebrovascular events, particularly ischemic stroke. The mortality rate is high for COVID-19-associated cerebrovascular complications; therefore, aggressive monitoring and early intervention should be pursued to mitigate poor outcomes.
  The goal of this study was to examine psychosocial adjustment following transition from the nursing home (NH) to community and understand the ways in which adjustment intersects with social connection.
 
  We conducted interviews with community-dwelling older male Veterans after they were discharged from an NH. Interviews focused on Veterans' experience during the transition process. We utilized conventional content analysis to inductively code the interviews. We reviewed evidence in each identified domain for common themes.
 
  We interviewed 13 NH residents after recent transitions from the NH back to the community. Four themes were identified (1) access to and quality of social support network are important for social connection, (2) engagement in meaningful activities with family and friends improves well-being, (3) service providers form link to social connection, and (4) external stressors affect the quality of social connections.
 
  Identified themes aligned with respondents' social connectedness and perceived psychosocial and physical well-being. Our results suggest that social connectedness is one part of the larger milieu of healthy aging including the importance of engagement with social opportunities and having a purpose.
 
  Social connectedness is critical to assess for older adults transitioning between care settings. Developing screening tools and other interventions focused on social isolation are needed.
 Social connectedness is critical to assess for older adults transitioning between care settings. Developing screening tools and other interventions focused on social isolation are needed.Purpose The aim of the present study was to identify the contribution of nutrition, physical activity (PA), and total energy intake and expenditure on body weight and composition in adolescents. Methods Body composition, PA, and dietary intakes from 904 Greek adolescents (446 boys and 458 girls; Age 14.6 ± 1.5 yrs), were evaluated. All participants were assigned into three groups according to their age-sex adjusted Fat Mass Index (A) Normal weight (N; N = 503), (B) Overweight (OW; N = 253), and (C) Obese (O; N = 148). Results Significant differences were found for body weight and composition, basal metabolic rate (BMR) expressed per kg of body mass (normal weight children exhibited the highest values), physical-total energy expenditure, and energy balances between the groups (η2 0.138 to 0.657; p .05) between the three examined groups. Strong, negative correlations were observed between body weight, body fat percentage, PA, and total energy expenditure (r -0.311 to -0.810; p less then .001). Lower, negative correlations were found between body weight, body fat percentage, and macronutrients' daily intakes (r-0.235 to -0.432; p less then .05). BMR and total energy expenditure had strong, negative relative strengths for the determination of body weight and fat percentage. Conclusions In conclusion, it seems that BMR, PA, and total daily energy expenditure expressed per body weight and not the nutritional and total energy intakes, were the primary determinant parameters of body composition and weight in adolescents.The pathogen Uromyces viciae-fabae causes rust (a fungal disease) on faba bean (Vicia faba). This disease limits faba bean production in Africa, Asia, Europe, and Australia. The development of resistant cultivars to U. viciae-fabae is the optimal solution for sustainable disease management. However, unknown virulence in Australian U. viciae-fabae populations has confounded resistance breeding. This study examined differences in virulence among Australian U. viciae-fabae isolates collected from various locations and established a differential set of faba bean genotypes. Ten rust isolates were collected from the major faba bean growing regions in Australia and single spore cultures produced. These cultures were subsequently used for assessing virulence on 40 diverse faba bean genotypes. Based on the host-pathogen interactions, 12 putative host genotypes were identified as a differential set. A nomenclature system was subsequently developed using the binary pathotype naming system. Based upon host-pathogen interactions, nine virulence patterns were detected, and the isolates were named using the new nomenclature. We report characterization and naming of U. viciae-fabae pathotypes using differential genotypes in Australia. This differential set will help identify and track the evolution of new virulence in pathogen population and will assist pyramiding of rust resistance genes.Seed potato certification data collected in Colorado from 2012 to 2016 was used to rank potato cultivar tolerance to blackleg. Five cultivars with different tolerance levels to blackleg ('Chipeta' ≈ 'Alegria' ≈ 'Lamoka' less then 'Classic Russet' less then 'Yukon Gem') were tested to determine whether we could validate field data with laboratory assays. A strain isolated from Colorado, Pectobacterium atrosepticum CW1-4, and the P. atrosepticum type strain, 33260, were used to inoculate plants through vacuum infiltration of tubers or stem inoculation. Disease was assessed with time-lapse video and by measuring lesion length and disease incidence. After vacuum infiltration of tubers with P. atrosepticum CW1-4 and 33260, cultivars varied in tolerance to soft rot ('Lamoka' less then 'Classic Russet' less then 'Alegria' ≈ 'Yukon Gem' less then 'Chipeta'). Blackleg tolerance of the five cultivars also varied after vacuum infiltration ('Lamoka' less then 'Alegria' ≈ 'Chipeta' less then 'Classic Russet' ≈ 'Yukon Gem'). All cultivars were susceptible after stem inoculation with either strain. In this assay, 'Chipeta' had the longest lesions, and 'Lamoka' had the smallest lesions.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/GDC-0449.html  Time-lapse video was used to assess 'Classic Russet' and 'Yukon Gem.' 'Yukon Gem' developed disease symptoms faster than 'Classic Russet,' but the difference was not significant. These results indicate that relative susceptibility of the five cultivars to P. atrosepticum depends on the assay used and that laboratory and greenhouse results differed from field observations.