87 % and 82.22 %, respectively, which were better than those of the other three methods.
 
  Our proposed method effectively suppressed the false positive and false negative results of stenosis detection in sequence angiography images. It was superior to the state-of-art methods.
 Our proposed method effectively suppressed the false positive and false negative results of stenosis detection in sequence angiography images. It was superior to the state-of-art methods.Cervical smear screening is an imaging-based cancer detection tool, which is of pivotal importance for the early-stage diagnosis.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/daratumumab.html  A computer-aided screening system can automatically find out if the scanned whole-slide images (WSI) with cervical cells are classified as "abnormal" or "normal", and then alert pathologists. It can significantly reduce the workload for human experts, and is therefore highly demanded in clinical practice. Most of the screening methods are based on automatic cervical cell detection and classification, but the accuracy is generally limited due to the high variation of cell appearance and lacking context information from the surroundings. Here we propose a novel and hierarchical framework for automatic cervical smear screening aiming at the robust performance of case-level diagnosis and finding suspected "abnormal" cells. Our framework consists of three stages. We commence by extracting a large number of pathology images from the scanned WSIs, and implementing abnormal cell detection to each pathology image. Then, we feed the detected "abnormal" cells with corresponding confidence into our novel classification model for a comprehensive analysis of the extracted pathology images. Finally, we summarize the classification outputs of all extracted images, and determine the overall screening result for the target case. Experiments show that our three-stage hierarchical method can effectively suppress the errors from cell-level detection, and provide an effective and robust way for cervical abnormality screening.The fungal cell wall plays an essential role in maintaining cellular integrity and facing complex and changing environmental conditions. Whether a fungus successfully invades a host depends on whether it evades the plant's innate immune system, which recognizes the conserved components of the fungal cell wall, such as chitin. Fungi developed infection-related changes in cell wall composition in co-evolution with nature to solve this problem. One of the changes is the deacetylation of chitin by chitin deacetylase (CDA) to produce a polysaccharide that influences the infection of pathogenic fungi. The present study revealed the functions of PoCda7, a chitin deacetylase in Pyricularia oryzae. Phenotype analysis revealed that the knockout mutant of ΔPocda7 had no significant effect on fungal morphogenic development, including conidiation, germination, appressorial formation and cell wall of conidium and hyphae but was sensitive to reactive oxygen species. Glycerols are necessary to generate sufficient turgor in appressoria for invading the host surface. As a result of the decreased appressorium turgor pressure and decreased appressorium-mediated invasion, the fungal virulence of ΔPocda7 was significantly reduced in host plants. PoCda7 inhibited the cell death of leaves in Nicotiana benthamiana. Additionally, the expression of PoCDA7 was repressed in the early stage of infection. Subcellular localization experiments showed that PoCda7 was localized in the cell wall, and its fluorescence transferred to the EIHM and BIC when the rice blast fungus infected the rice leaf sheath, which was referred to as a candidate apoplastic effector in P. oryzae.Groundwater is essential for regional ecological-economic system and is an important resource of drinking water, especially in the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP), where is a typical water-limited ecosystem. Groundwater quality deterioration will affect water security and exacerbate the water shortages. Groundwater hydrochemistry, pollution source apportionment, quality and health risks were evaluated based on analysis of major ions and selected trace elements in seasonal samples of the Fen River Basin (FRB) in the eastern CLP. Groundwaters in the FRB were mainly HCO3--Ca2+-Na+ water type with low dissolved solutes in upstream samples, high values in midstream samples and medium values in downstream samples. Solutes in upstream samples were mainly derived from carbonate weathering, while those in midstream and downstream samples came from silicate weathering, evaporites dissolution and anthropogenic sources. Self-organizing map (SOM) showed the hydrochemistry remained unchanged from dry to wet season for most samrst in midstream based on different index. Groundwater quality is deteriorated by anthropogenic input and the sewage discharge in the FRB should be strictly controlled. Our report provides a reference for groundwater pollution evaluation and source identification in similar areas.Graphene (GR) and graphene oxide (GO) are widely being used as promising candidates for biomedical applications, as well as for bio-sensing, drug delivery, and anticancer therapy. However, their undesirable side effects make it necessary to assess further the toxicity and safety of using these materials. The main objective of the current study was to investigate the toxicities of GR and GO in predicted environmental relevant concentrations in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio), particularly on their behaviors, and conducted biochemical assays to elucidate the possible mechanism that underlies their toxicities. Zebrafish was chronically (∼14 days) exposed to two different doses of GR (0.1 and 0.5 ppm) or GO (0.1 and 1 ppm). At 14 ± 1 days, a battery of behavioral tests was conducted, followed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) test on the following day to inspect the alterations in antioxidant activity, oxidative stress, and neurotransmitters in the treated zebrafish brain. An alteration in predator avoidance behavior was observed in all treated groups, while GR-treated fish exhibited abnormal exploratory behavior. Furthermore, altered locomotor activity was displayed by most of the treated groups, except for the high concentration of the GR group. From the ELISA results, we discovered a high concentration of GR exposure significantly decreased several neurotransmitters and cortisol levels. Meanwhile, elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) were displayed by the group treated with low and high doses of GR and GO, respectively. These significant changes would possibly affect zebrafish behaviors and might suggest the potential toxicity from GR and GO exposures. To sum up, the present study presented new evidence for the effects of GR and GO in zebrafish behavioral dysregulation. We hope these assessments can contribute to our understanding of graphene and graphene oxide biosafety.