9kg), lean mass (TE 2.1kg; SEE 1.8kg), and percent body fat (TE 3.6%; SEE 3.4%). Validity results did not differ for men vs. women. DXA-4C estimates were slightly better in individuals with higher lean mass. DXA alone resulted in significantly greater error than DXA-4C (p<0.05).
 
  Body composition assessed from DXA-4C is an accurate approach, particularly in those with high levels of lean mass. This model appears to be more accurate than DXA alone.
 Body composition assessed from DXA-4C is an accurate approach, particularly in those with high levels of lean mass. This model appears to be more accurate than DXA alone.
  Following bariatric surgery, protein deficiency intakes are reported in morbidly obese patients, whereas post-bariatric protein requirements are not specifically defined with validated method in this population.
 
  To assess average protein requirement (APR) in obese subjects, before, 3 months and 12 months after bariatric surgery using the validated method of nitrogen balance.
 
  Prospective longitudinal study conducted in 21 morbidly obese patients (BMI 43.9±1.4kg/m
  ) before (M0), 3 months (M3) and 12 months (M12) after sleeve gastrectomy or Roux-en-Y gastric by-pass.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/liraglutide.html  An additional larger cross-sectional study was performed to validate APR before surgery in non-operated matched obese patients (n=106). APR was evaluated at M0, M3, M12 by measuring 3 days dietary intakes together with losses of nitrogen in urine and stools.
 
  APR was defined as the mean value of protein intake required to achieve balance nitrogen equilibrium.
 
  Before surgery, APR in morbidly obese patients was 0.76 [95%CI, 0.66-0.92] g/kg Body Weight (BW)/d in the experimental group, and 0.74 [0.70-0.80] g/kg BW/d in the validation group. APR was 0.62 [0.51-0.75] g/kg/d at M3 and 0.87 [0.75-0.98] g/kg/d at M12, with no difference between surgical procedures. Spontaneous protein intakes were respectively 0.80±0.05, 0.43±0.03 and 0.71±0.04g/kg BW/d respectively at M0, M3 and M12.
 
  This study demonstrates a temporal change in protein requirement after bariatric surgery whatever the type of surgery. Spontaneous protein intakes following bariatric surgery does not cover protein requirements for most patients, suggesting that specific dietary protein recommandations have to be adapted in obese patients with bariatric surgery.
 
  Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier NCT01249326.
 Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier NCT01249326.Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders with great challenge in its treatment due to its pathological complication. In recent decade, there is extensive use of applying nanotechnology to medicinal plants as a trend in diabetes treatment due to phytochemical constituents. The present study aimed to evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of selenium cleome droserifolia nanoparticles (Se-CNPs) and/or Galvus met® treatment on streptozotocin induced diabetes mellitus in male rats. Fifty male Wistar rats were divided equally into five groups control group, control diabetic group, diabetic group treated with Se-CNPs, diabetic group treated with Galvus met® and diabetic group treated with Se-CNPs plus Galvus met®. Glucose and insulin levels, Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Total Cholesterol (TC), Triacylglycerols (TG), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL-c), Very Low Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c), Low Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and (NEFAs), urea and creatinine were evaluated. Also, histopathological changes in pancreatic tissue were examined. The results showed significant elevation in serum glucose concentration, ALT and AST activities, TG, LDL-c, VLDL-c and Non Esterified Fatty Acids (NEFAs), urea and creatinine levels while a significant decrease in serum insulin and HDL-c concentration in untreated diabetic rats when compared with control. Meanwhile, daily administration of Se-CNPs and/or Galvus met® to diabetic rats showed significant amelioration of these parameters.
  Alteration in the insulin signaling could contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) through metabolic or inflammatory processes, adipokines could affect insulin dysregulation. This study aimed to investigate whether there is a correlation between serum adiponectin level alteration and insulin resistance with the presence and severity of AD, compared to normal controls.
 
  This analytical observational study was conducted on 60 non-overweight and non-diabetic participants who were assigned to AD patients (n=34) and healthy volunteers (n=26). The diagnosis and severity of dementia were evaluated by the same protocol, and the Mini-Mental Score Exam (MMSE) questionnaire was utilized to collect the data. Moreover, adiponectin concentration, fasting blood sugar, and plasma insulin levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Furthermore, the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was utilized in this study.
 
  The mean ages of the AD patients and control partiAD patients. However, a significant decrease in cognition levels was detected following an increase in IR scores of the AD patients.
  Acute Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD) affects about 20%-80% of the patients after the hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) and it is amongst the main causes of morbidity and mortality both in children and adults. The intestine is one of the most affected organs by GVHD causing important alterations in the nutritional status and quality of life, considering that the dysfunctional intestine could decrease food intake as well as an inappropriate dietary plan could worsen the clinical condition. In addition to GVHD, chemotherapy conditioning regimen suppresses the immune system, promotes mucositis and increases the risk of infectious complications. Taking the above into consideration, when per oral diet is possible; the food choices should be carefully planned and monitored to promote nutritional support and avoid worsening the intestinal function and clinical condition.
 
  This work was aimed to present a practice guideline proposal, to be validated, based on literature review, regarding to oral dietary recommendations for acute intestinal GVHD after HTSC.