Endogenous fungal endophthalmitis (EFE) is a critical complication of candidemia. We conducted a study to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for EFE.
 
  Adult candidemia patients≥19years who underwent an ophthalmological examination at a tertiary care hospital in the Republic of Korea from 2006 to 2018 were enrolled.
 
  There was a total of 152 adult candidemia patients analyzed. EFE was found in 29 patients (19.1%). Patients were categorized into two groups (Non-endophthalmitis [NE] and endophthalmitis [E]). Between the two groups, there was no significant difference in terms of age, sex, and underlying comorbidities. However, there were more Candida albicans candidemia, abnormal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at the time of candidemia diagnosis, receipt of antifungal treatment≥48hours after onset of candidemia symptoms and blood culture sample (AOCS), and candidemia clearance≥5days after initiation of antifungal treatment (AIAT) in the E group. A predictive model for the E was created, which had an area of 0.811 under the receiver operating characteristics curve. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, C.albicans candidemia, ALT at the time of candidemia diagnosis, receipt of antifungal treatment≥48hours AOCS, and candidemia clearance≥5days AIAT were significantly associated with EFE.
 
  EFE occurred in 19% of adult patients with candidemia. Adult candidemia patients with C.albicans candidemia, abnormal ALT, receipt of antifungal treatment≥48hours AOCS, and candidemia clearance≥5days AIAT need to be closely monitored for the possibility of EFE.
 EFE occurred in 19% of adult patients with candidemia. Adult candidemia patients with C. albicans candidemia, abnormal ALT, receipt of antifungal treatment≥48hours AOCS, and candidemia clearance≥5days AIAT need to be closely monitored for the possibility of EFE.
  Adults diagnosed with intellectual disabilities (ID) are more likely to have cardiometabolic risk factors, including low physical activity (PA), high sedentary behavior (SB), and poor sleep. While these behaviors have typically been studied in isolation, emerging frameworks propose a more integrated approach to the study of these behaviors, asserting that the relative proportion of time spent in each of the health-related time-use behaviors (i.e. PA, SB and sleep) across the 24 -h period is a more powerful determinant of the incidence and progression of disease.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/loxo-195.html  This approach has yet to be considered for adults with ID. The purpose of this study was to explore how adults with ID and their formal caregivers (i.e. employed caregivers) perceived their health-related time-use, including the factors that influence their time-use.
 
  Five focus groups were conducted with twelve adults with ID and ten formal-caregivers. Consistent with an interpretive paradigm, this study employed an interpretative phenomenologicall factors, including caregivers support and modeling-behaviors, and community factors, in the form of local, accessible, affordable spaces to be active, were identified as the most pertinent factors in determining PA, SB and sleep behaviors. Moreover, adults with ID and caregivers perceived health-related time-use behaviors to be interrelated. Further investigation in this area will ultimately inform the development of pilot interventions that support caregivers as gatekeepers and provide access to health-promoting environments to engage adults with ID in healthy levels of PA, SB, and sleep.Recent research has identified a leftward cradling bias in males, although males are much less lateralised than females. It has been suggested that on an individual level this leftward bias is strengthened as males acquire caregiving experience. Furthermore, recent explanations propose that leftward cradling bias is facilitated by right-hemispheric specialisation for processing facial emotions. Some have suggested that it is specifically facilitated by right-hemispheric specialisation for basic social-affective processes that underlie our capacity to relate to others. The present study investigated male cradling bias in relation to these three factors. Ninety-eight right-handed males aged 18-56 years were observed across four separate trials of an imaginary cradling scenario. Caregiving experience, attachment style, hemispheric lateralisation for processing facial emotion, and autistic traits were measured. A leftward cradling bias was observed in 72.4% of participants and was not contingent on caregiving experience. Regression analyses revealed that right-hemispheric lateralisation for processing facial emotions and autistic traits were both significant predictors of leftward cradling, while attachment style did not predict leftward cradling. Overall, our findings indicate that the leftward cradling bias in males is not contingent on previous caregiving experience and provide further support for right-hemispheric specialisation and basic social-affective processing explanations.The production of large volumes of waste flotation tailings results in environmental pollution and presents a major ecological and environmental risk. This study investigates bioleaching of waste flotation tailings using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. The experiments were performed with 5.00% solid concentration, pH 2.0 with 100 mL medium for 25 d in the lab. The pH, OPR, metal concentration, dissolved organic matter (DOM) in leachate and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were recorded. Bioleaching tailing materials were finally characterized. Results showed that microorganisms, acclimating with mine tailings, effectively accelerated the bioleaching process, achieving maximum Zn and Fe extraction efficiencies of 95.45% and 83.98%, respectively, after 25 days. Compared with raw mine tailings, bioleaching could reduce 96.36% and 95.84% leachable Zn and Pb, and Pb presented a low risk (4.13%), while Zn, Cu, and Cr posed no risk (0.34%, 0.64%, and 0%). Toxicity and environmental risk analysis revealed bioleaching process significantly reduced the environmental risk associated with mine tailings. EPS analysis indicated that the loosely-bound EPS (LB-EPS) and tightly-bound EPS (TB-EPS) fractions contained different organic substances, which played different roles in the bioleaching process. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that EPS was highly correlated with bioleaching behavior (p less then 0.05), and EPS was the main factor affecting the bioleaching process, promoting bioleaching in the LB-EPS and TB-EPS fractions.