His treatment course for COVID-19 was uncomplicated and had excellent results. He completed a 10-day course of piperacillin/tazobactam and his symptoms resolved 3 days after admission, without complications, oxygen supplementation, or intensive care unit admission. CONCLUSIONS Patients with XLA have weakened immunity and therefore may present with an infection as a first symptom. This report describes the mild course of COVID-19 pneumonia in an immunologically vulnerable patient with XLA who presented with SARS-CoV-2 infection while undergoing IVIG replacement therapy. Currently, IVIG is one of many supportive immune therapies undergoing clinical evaluation in patients with severe COVID-19.BACKGROUND The Chinese 2018 guidelines and the current 2014 Chinese Urological Association guidelines for prostate cancer recommend radical prostatectomy for Chinese men with localized prostate cancer as the first choice, but it has treatment-related adverse effects. This study aimed to study morbidity and all-cause mortality following radical prostatectomy compared with observation for localized prostate cancer in Chinese men from a single center. MATERIAL AND METHODS Men diagnosed (histologically) as stage T1-T2N×M0 prostate cancer of any grade with 1-year history were included in the analysis. A total of 201 men underwent radical prostatectomy (RP cohort) and 209 men did not undergo radical prostatectomy (OS cohort). RESULTS During follow-up (17-24 years), 135 (67%) men died in the RP cohort and 156 (75%) men died in the OS cohort (P=0.103). All-cause mortality was lower for men with prostate-specific antigen level >10 ng/mL (P10 ng/mL, Gleason score ≥7, and high D'Amico tumor risk scores.BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is mainly induced by the increased content of particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) in the atmosphere. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of betulinic acid derivative on lung inflammation in a mouse model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease induced by particulate matter 2.5.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ly333531.html  MATERIAL AND METHODS The mice were given a PM2.5 (25 μl) suspension for 7 days by the intranasal route to establish a COPD model. The content of TNF-alpha and IL-6 in the BALF samples was measured by commercially available ELISA kits. RESULTS The PM2.5-induced higher LDH and ACP levels were significantly alleviated in mouse lung tissues by treatment with betulinic acid derivative. Treatment with betulinic acid derivative also suppressed PM2.5-induced increase in AKP and ALB levels in mouse lung tissues. Betulinic acid derivative reversed PM2.5-mediated suppression of SOD activity and elevation of NOS level in mouse BALF. Moreover, the PM2.5-induced excessive NO and MDA levels in mouse BALF were significantly reduced (P.
  The prevalence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular (CV) disease has risen in Japan due to increasing metabolic risk factors, including dyslipidemia. A positive linear correlation between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, incidence of CV events, and preventive effects of lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) is well established; however, data in Japan are limited. This analysis evaluated current lipid management practices and risk of recurrent CV events in Japanese post-acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients.
 
  EXPLORE-J is a multicenter, 2-year observational study of hospitalized ACS patients in Japan.
 
  At 2-year follow-up (n=1944, mean age 66 years, 80.3% male), the cumulative incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE; death associated with myocardial infarction/cerebrovascular accident [CVA] and other CV death, non-fatal ACS, and non-fatal CVA requiring hospitalization during the observation period) was 6.2%; respective incidences of CV death, non-fatal ACS, and CVA were 0.7%, 4.5%, and 1.7%. Statin, intensive statin, and ezetimibe were prescribed for 93.6%, 8.2%, and 3.9% at visit (V)1 (Day[D]1＋14), and 92.3%, 10.5%, and 11.6% of patients at V5 (D730±30 days), respectively. Mean LDL-C was reduced from first post-ACS measurement (121.3 mg/dL) to V5 (79.8 mg/dL). A limited number of patients achieved LDL-C ＜70 mg/dL from V1-V5 (14.4%-34.6%); those with a greater LDL-C reduction by V1 had a lower probability of MACE, indicating the benefits of early LDL-C reduction post ACS.
 
  Guideline-recommended LDL-C target achievement post ACS in Japan is suboptimal, suggesting the need for LLT intensification. Additional analyses by risk stratification of the study population and the benefits of lipid management are planned.
 Guideline-recommended LDL-C target achievement post ACS in Japan is suboptimal, suggesting the need for LLT intensification. Additional analyses by risk stratification of the study population and the benefits of lipid management are planned.
  Inflammation is thought to be a risk factor for kidney disease. However, discussion is controversial whether inflammatory status is either a cause or an outcome of chronic kidney disease. We aimed to investigate the causal relationship between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using mendelian randomization (MR) approaches.
 
  A total of 10,521 participants of the Japan Multi-institutional Collaborative Cohort Study was analyzed in this study. We used two-sample MR approaches (the inverse-variance weighted (IVW), the weighted median (WM), and the MR-Egger method) to estimate the effect of genetically determined hs-CRP on kidney function. We selected four and three hs-CRP associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as two instrumental variables (IV) IV
  and IV
  , based on SNPs previously identified in European and Asian populations. IV
  and IV
  explained 3.4% and 3.9% of the variation in hs-CRP, respectively.
 
  Using the IV
  , genetically determined hs-CRP was not significantly associated with eGFR in the IVW and the WM methods (estimate per 1 unit increase in ln(hs-CRP), 95%CI 0.000, -0.019 to 0.020 and -0.003, -0.019 to 0.014). For IV
  , we found similar results using the IVW and the WM methods (estimate, 95% CI -0.005, -0.020 to 0.010 and -0.004, -0.020 to 0.012). The MR-Egger method also showed no causal relationships between hs-CRP and eGFR (IV
  -0.008, -0.058 to 0.042; IV
  0.001, -0.036 to 0.036).
 
  Our two-sample MR analyses with different IVs did not support a causal effect of hs-CRP on eGFR.
 Our two-sample MR analyses with different IVs did not support a causal effect of hs-CRP on eGFR.