https://www.selleckchem.com/products/6-benzylaminopurine.html 4, CI, 1.1-52.3); diabetes mellitus, (OR, 8.8, CI, 1.3-59.4) and surgery duration > 79.5minutes, (OR, 13.2, CI, 1.5-117.3) were identified to be independent risk factors of SSI after patella fracture surgery (p < 0.05). The prevalence of SSI in patients with closed isolated patella fracture was 2.1%, with 1.3% for superficial and 0.8% for deep infection. We recommend individualized risk stratification and targeted interventions for patients with risk factors (current smoking, albumin < 35g/L, diabetes mellitus, and surgery duration > 79.5minutes).  79.5 minutes). The optimal management of neonatal post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH) is still debated, though several treatment options have been proposed. In the last years, ventriculosubgaleal shunt (VSgS) and neuroendosdcopic lavage (NEL) have been proposed to overcome the drawbacks of more traditional options, such as external ventricular drainage and ventricular access device. We retrospectively reviewed neonates affected by PHH treated at our institution since September 2012 to September 2020. Until 2017 patients received VSgS as initial treatment. After the introduction of NEL, this treatment option was offered to patients with large intraventricular clots. After NEL, VSgS was always placed. Primary VSgS was reserved to patients without significant intraventricular clots and critically ill patients that could not be transferred to the operating room and undergo a longer surgery. We collected 63 babies (38 males and 25 females) with mean gestational age of 27.8 ± 3.8SD weeks (range 23-38.5 weeks) and mean birtiving patients, while 7 cases remained shunt-free at the last follow-up. Multiloculated hydrocephalus was observed in 14 cases. Among these, only one patient initially received NEL and was complicated by isolated trapped temporal horn. VSgS and NEL are two effective treatment options in the management of PHH. Both procedures should be part of the n