32 ± 3.86 years. Of total 200 women, 42 (21%) women were found to be suffering from possible depression. The possibility of depression was found to be significantly higher in literate participants (
  = 0.001) and in women who were married after 18 years of age (
  = 0.016). Participants who wanted the present pregnancy and whose spouses were alcoholic were found to be associated significantly (
  = 0.00). On applying logistic regression, age and abortion history was found to be significant.
 
  This study demonstrates that the prevalence of antenatal depression is high in developing countries, and universal screening of depression during antenatal and postnatal period is feasible along with other antenatal and postnatal services provided to them.
 This study demonstrates that the prevalence of antenatal depression is high in developing countries, and universal screening of depression during antenatal and postnatal period is feasible along with other antenatal and postnatal services provided to them.Millions of individuals worldwide are affected by age-related lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs), including impaired detrusor contractility, detrusor overactivity, decreased bladder sensation, as well as increased bladder capacity often resulting in incomplete bladder emptying. Yet, the underlying factors that contribute to these symptoms are not known and there are few therapies to treat these disorders. Because of the complex pathophysiology, a number of animal models have been studied over the years to better understand mechanisms underlying patient symptoms. Such animal models can aid in the investigation of aspects of age-associated LUTSs that cannot be pursued in humans as well as to develop and test potential therapies. In addition, the search for urinary factors that may be a causative agent has resulted in the discovery of a number of potential targets that could serve as predictive biomarkers which can aid in early diagnosis and treatment of these chronic disorders. Recent evidence has supported a role for chronic changes in mitochondrial function and oxidative stress (along with production of reactive oxygen species) and abnormal urodynamic behavior in older patients. This review discusses new insights into how aging alters fundamental cellular processes that impair signaling in the bladder wall, resulting in abnormal voiding function.
  Minimally invasive thyroidectomy can be categorized into either video-assisted method or remote access thyroidectomy (RAT). Although RAT provided excellent cosmetic results, some debate about the advantages and disadvantages remains in different countries. Thus, this study aimed to compare the surgical results between endoscopic thyroid surgery and conventional thyroidectomy.
 
  The study retrospectively reviewed the conventional and endoscopic thyroidectomy performed at our institution from September 2011 to July 2012. Overall, 30 patients were recruited for this study. The patients were divided into two groups Group O (open group, 
  = 15) and Group E (endoscopic group, 
  = 15). Postoperative outcomes (including wound pain, swallowing disturbance, and chest wall paresthesia) and complications were analyzed and assessed.
 
  The endoscopic group was associated with longer operation time and hospital stay. The visual analog scale (VAS) score of surgical wound pain was significantly higher in the open group in 1-week postoperation. However, the VAS score of swallowing disturbance was significantly higher in the endoscopic group in 1-week postoperation. More than half of the patients (53%) had chest wall paresthesia within 1-month postoperation in the endoscopic group. No surgical complications occurred in both groups.
 
  Although endoscopic thyroidectomy provides excellent cosmetic results in thyroid surgery, higher immediate postoperative pain, and prolonged chest wall paresthesia compared with those in conventional surgery are a concern and warrant careful patient selection.
 Although endoscopic thyroidectomy provides excellent cosmetic results in thyroid surgery, higher immediate postoperative pain, and prolonged chest wall paresthesia compared with those in conventional surgery are a concern and warrant careful patient selection.A 44-year-old female presented with cavernous hemangioma of the posterior mediastinum. Imaging revealed that it was approximately 2 cm in size and without an arterial supply from either the thoracic aorta or intercostal artery. The patient was treated with intraoperative sclerotherapy and hemangioma resection by uniport thoracoscopic surgery via a small 3-cm surgical wound.  https://www.selleckchem.com/peptide/octreotide-acetate.html  The surgical outcome and follow-up were good.
  End-of-life cancer care imposes a heavy financial burden on patients, their families, and their health insurers. The aim of this study was to explore the 8-year (2004-2011) trends in health-care costs for Taiwanese cancer decedents in their last month of life and, specifically, to assess the association of these trends with hospice care.
 
  We conducted a population-based longitudinal study and analyzed data from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. The data consisted of not only claims information - costs of hospitalization and outpatient department visits - but also the associated patient characteristics, catastrophic illness status, hospice patient designation, and insurance system exit date (the proxy for death).
 
  A total of 11,104 cancer decedents were enrolled, and 2144 (19.3%) of these patients received hospice care. The rate of hospice service use increased from 14.9% to 21.5% over 8 years. From 2004 to 2011, the mean health-care cost per day in the last month of life increased 8.2%ce care for more than 30 days also had lower health-care costs than those receiving care for <30 days.
 Health-care costs in the last month of life are increasing over time in Taiwan. Nonetheless, health-care costs for patients receiving hospice can be as much as 16.3% lower than patients not receiving hospice care. Patients receiving hospice care for more than 30 days also had lower health-care costs than those receiving care for less then 30 days.