84 (95% CI, 0.73-0.94), and the calibration plot showed a good fitting between prediction and observation.
 
  We established a useful nomogram based on CTA imaging, which showed a satisfied efficacy for evaluating risk of CBS in HNC patients preoperatively.
 We established a useful nomogram based on CTA imaging, which showed a satisfied efficacy for evaluating risk of CBS in HNC patients preoperatively.
  Several tests are available to assess the different components of physical fitness, including cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, and flexibility. However, the reliability and validity of physical fitness tests in people with mental disorders has not been meta-analyzed.
 
  To examine the reliability, concurrent, and convergent validity of physical fitness tests in people with mental disorders.
 
  Studies evaluating the reliability, concurrent, and convergent validity of physical fitness tests in people with mental disorders were searched from major databases until January 20, 2020.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/liraglutide.html  Random-effects meta-analyses were performed pooling (1) reliability test-retest correlations at two-time points, (2) convergent validity between submaximal tests and maximal protocols, or (3) concurrent validity between two submaximal tests. Associations are presented using r values and 95% confidence intervals. Methodological quality was assessed using the Quality Appraisal of Reliability Studies and the Critical Appraisal Tool.
 
  A total of 11 studies (N=504; 34% females) were included. Reliability of the fitness tests, produced r values ranging from moderate (balance test-EUROFIT; [r=0.75 (0.60-0.85); p=0.0001]) to very strong (explosive leg power EUROFIT; [r=0.96 (0.93-0.97); p=0.0001]). Convergent validity between the 6-min walk test (6MWT) and submaximal cardiorespiratory tests was moderate (0.57 [0.26-0.77]; p=0.0001). Concurrent validity between the 2-min walk test and 6MWT (r=0.86 [0.39-0.97]; p=0.0004) was strong.
 
  The present study demonstrates that physical fitness tests are reliable and valid in people with mental disorders.
 The present study demonstrates that physical fitness tests are reliable and valid in people with mental disorders.
  High-resolution impedance manometry (HRIM) evaluates esophageal peristalsis and bolus transit. We used esophageal impedance integral (EII), the ratio between bolus presence before and after an expected peristaltic wave, to evaluate predictors of bolus transit.
 
  From HRIM studies performed on 61 healthy volunteers (median age 27years, 48%F), standard metrics were extracted from each of 10 supine water swallows distal contractile integral (DCI, mmHgcms), integrated relaxation pressure (IRP, mmHg), and breaks in peristaltic integrity (cm, using 20mmHg isobaric contour). Pressure and impedance coordinates for each swallow were exported into a dedicated, python-based program for EII calculation (EII ratio≥0.3=abnormal bolus clearance). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess predictors of abnormal bolus clearance.
 
  Of 591 swallows, 80.9% were intact, 10.5% were weak, and 8.6% failed. Visual analysis overestimated abnormal bolus clearance compared to EII ratio (p≤0.01). Bolus clearance was complete (median EII ratio 0.0, IQR 0-0.12) in 82.0% of intact swallows in contrast to 53.3% of weak swallows (EII ratio 0.29, IQR 0.0-0.57), and 19.6% of failed swallows (EII ratio 0.5, IQR 0.34-0.73, p<0.001). EII correlated best with break length (ρ=0.52, p<0.001), compared to IRP (ρ -0.17) or DCI (ρ -0.42). On ROC analysis, breaks predicted abnormal bolus transit better than DCI or IRP (AUC 0.79 vs. 0.25 vs. 0.44, p≤0.03 for each). On logistic regression, breaks remained independently predictive of abnormal bolus transit (p<0.001).
 
  Breaks in peristaltic integrity predict abnormal bolus clearance better than DCI or IRP in healthy asymptomatic subjects.
 Breaks in peristaltic integrity predict abnormal bolus clearance better than DCI or IRP in healthy asymptomatic subjects.Compositae (Asteraceae), also known as the sunflower family has evolved to become the most diverse and advanced angiosperm family. However, with high diversity, taxonomic complexities also arise at several levels. A reliable tool in resolving such taxonomic conundrums in this family is the characteristic fruit of Compositae known as "cypsela." While most of the previous cypsela-based studies have focused on specific tribes and species of Compositae, in this study, we shift our focus to the genus level and seek a broader understanding of the taxonomic relationships that prevail in this family. In order to achieve this, we sampled 25 genera of Compositae and subjected them to qualitative and quantitative analysis to resolve them into groups based on the degree of similarity. This study was conducted by employing light microscopy techniques for gathering the qualitative and quantitative morphological data of the cypselae. The qualitative data were collected on six key morphological characteristics-shape, color, base, surface ornamentation, ribs, and pappus types for all the members. These data were used to yield an artificial dichotomous key to genera for the 25 members. The quantitative data on dimensions (length, breadth) of the entire cypsela as well as the pappus and ribs were subjected to principal component analysis, to understand the covariance among these variables. Hierarchical clustering followed by dendrogram construction was used to visualize the patterns of correlation within the samples and make taxonomic conclusions. The resulting dendrogram showed four closely related clades that consisted of 23 out of the 25 members whereas 2 members emerged as outgroups. The results of this study commensurate with DNA-based resolution of the concerned Compositae members, hence highlighting the reliability and significance of both light microscopy and morphology-based studies that seem to be fading away otherwise.
  People with an intellectual disability are more vulnerable to psychological trauma compared with the general population. The aim of this scoping review was to identify the current status of the literature on trauma that is specific to the experiences of adults with an intellectual disability, living in community settings.
 
  A scoping review was conducted using the Arksey and O'Malley (International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 2005, 8, 19) framework. Forty-one international papers were reviewed spanning 2000-2020, and their quality assessed using the MMAT.
 
  (1) Aggressive behaviours can be symptoms of trauma, (2) there are appropriate assessment tools for the impact of trauma, (3) evidence-based interventions for trauma may be effective, and (4) factors associated with disability can be experienced as traumatic.
 
  There is a growing body of literature highlighting assessment needs and potential interventions for people with an intellectual disability who have experienced psychological trauma. Further research is needed to develop trauma-informed pathways.