A newly designed CTR prototype represents a novel technology for improving the rotational stability of a TIOL in the capsular bag. Under all test conditions the prototype performed significantly better than a standard CTR. The results support the use of this new CTR design to improve the accuracy and refractive success of TIOLs.
 A newly designed CTR prototype represents a novel technology for improving the rotational stability of a TIOL in the capsular bag. Under all test conditions the prototype performed significantly better than a standard CTR. The results support the use of this new CTR design to improve the accuracy and refractive success of TIOLs.
  To compare the effect of topical dexamethasone versus ketorolac versus combined dexamethasone-ketorolac after phacoemulsification on choroidal thickness (CT).
 
  A tertiary university-based hospital Design Prospective non-randomized comparative case series METHODS Ninety-two eyes of 92 patients were assigned to the three groups after uneventful phacoemulsification. Group 1, dexamethasone; group 2, ketorolac; group 3, combined dexamethasone-ketorolac that applied topically. Choroidal thickness (CT) at subfoveal (SFCT), nasal and temporal as primary and central retinal thickness (CRT) as secondary outcomes were measured preoperatively, and 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography.
 
  Preoperative CT were similar between the groups (all P>0.05). The groups differed in pattern of changes in nasal and temporal CT (both P<0.001) although their changes of CRT (P=0.13) and SFCT (P=0.55) over time were similar. The mean of SFCT at months 1, 3 and 6 was significantly higher than baseline in dexamethasone (P<0.001 for all follow-ups) and combined (P<0.001 for both month 1 and 3 and P=0.03 for month 6) groups while it was not significant in the ketorolac group (P=0.07). There was an increase in the nasal and temporal CT in three groups, persisted at month 6 in dexamethasone (both P<0.001) and ketorolac (both P<0.001) groups while the change was not statistically significant at month 6 in combined group.
 
  Dexamethasone and combined groups had statistically significant changes of SFCT after phacoemulsification however, the ketorolac group did not. The pattern of SFCT changes was similar between three groups.
 Dexamethasone and combined groups had statistically significant changes of SFCT after phacoemulsification however, the ketorolac group did not. The pattern of SFCT changes was similar between three groups.
  To compare the clinical outcomes between pulsed and continuous accelerated crosslinking for keratoconus.
 
  Hospital.
 
  Retrospective comparison study.
 
  Korean patients who were treated for keratoconus between September 2015 and January 2018 at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital were included. Eyes were subjected to pulsed accelerated crosslinking (30 mW/cm for 8 min, 1 second on/1 second off) or continuous accelerated crosslinking (30 mW/cm for 4 min; delivering 7.2 J/cm). Outcomes were evaluated after 1 year.
 
  At 1 year, the two groups did not exhibit changes in their corrected and uncorrected distance visual acuity values. The pulsed group (25 eyes) exhibited significantly improved values for sphere (p=0.009) and spherical equivalent (p=0.033), although no significant difference was observed in the continuous group (20 eyes). All keratometry values (SimKf, SimKs, SimKmean, and Kmax) were improved in both groups (all p<0.05), although the pulsed group had significantly greater changes in the SimKmean value (p=0.036) and the Kmax value (p=0.03). Both groups had significantly decreased central and thinnest corneal thicknesses (all p<0.001), although the pulsed group had a substantially lower thinnest corneal thickness (p=0.017). Corneal densitometry measured using the Pentacam® device (Oculus Inc., Wetzlar, Germany) was increased in both groups (all p<0.001), with a higher densitometry value in the pulsed group (p=0.013). Furthermore, the depth of the demarcation line was deeper in the pulsed group (p=0.015).
 
  Pulsed accelerated crosslinking may provide better post-crosslinking effects than continuous accelerated crosslinking.
 Pulsed accelerated crosslinking may provide better post-crosslinking effects than continuous accelerated crosslinking.
  To evaluate the safety and efficacy of bilateral implantation of a supplementary small aperture device to treat irregular corneal astigmatism.
 
  Private practice DESIGN Retrospective consecutive case series METHODS Patients with bilateral irregular corneal astigmatism secondary to multiple causes consented for implantation of the XtraFocus intraocular pinhole were enrolled. Mean follow-up was 27 months (range 5 to 66). Patients were assessed in their scheduled follow-up visits and monocular and binocular uncorrected and corrected distance and near visual acuity were recorded. Assessment of darkening vision complaints was also performed after implantation in the first eye and repeated after second-eye surgery.
 
  32 eyes of 16 patients were analyzed. The mean monocular and binocular uncorrected distance visual acuities improved from logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution 1.091 ± 0.208 and 1.078 ± 0.259 preoperatively to 0.342 ± 0.091 (p<0.001) and 0.342 ± 0.147 (p=0.001) 1 year postoperatively. Three patients were excluded because of darkening vision complaints after surgery in the first eye. No major complications were noted after implantation of the intraocular pinhole.
 
  Bilateral implantation of the XtraFocus intraocular pinhole is a safe technique in a selected group of patients. There was an improvement in visual acuity sustained over the analysed period. Postoperative darkening vision complaints vary between individuals and can limit the application of this approach in certain patients.
 Bilateral implantation of the XtraFocus intraocular pinhole is a safe technique in a selected group of patients. There was an improvement in visual acuity sustained over the analysed period.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/jte-013.html  Postoperative darkening vision complaints vary between individuals and can limit the application of this approach in certain patients.