43-3.14] had a higher odd of hospitalization. Fifty percent of inpatients were hospitalized more than 7 days. Median length of hospitalization was 13 days [IQR 8-29] among individuals aged 19-44 years, and 17 days [IQR 11-24.6] among those aged 45-69. Forty-two percent of the fatal cases occurred among adults under 60 years old.
 
  Our findings show that a high proportion of COVID-19 cases in Honduras occurred among younger adults, who also constituted a significant proportion of severe and fatal cases. Pre-existing conditions were associated with severe outcomes independently from age and were highly prevalent in Honduran COVID-19 cases.
 Our findings show that a high proportion of COVID-19 cases in Honduras occurred among younger adults, who also constituted a significant proportion of severe and fatal cases. Pre-existing conditions were associated with severe outcomes independently from age and were highly prevalent in Honduran COVID-19 cases.
  Oropharyngeal cancers associated with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection are increasing in the U.S., especially among men. We evaluated prevalence and predictors of concurrent (genital and oral) and concordant (same-type) HR-HPV infections in U.S.
 
  We used National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2009-2016. Predictors were assessed via multivariable logistic regression.
 
  Among 10,334 respondents, 172 (2.1%) had concurrent infections [109 (3.5%) men and 63 (0.76%) women]. Ninety-three (1.0%) had concordant infections [54 (1.6%) men and 39 (0.5%) women]. Predictors of concurrence in men were no longer married vs. married [2.3 (OR); 1.3-4.9 (95% CI)], living with a partner vs. married [3.0; 1.2-7.5], and having 2-5 lifetime oral sex partners [3.0; 1.2-7.5]. In women they were no longer married vs. married [3.6; 1.3-10.3], ≥2 recent sex partners [4.6; 1.4-15.6 for 2-5 partners and 3.9; 1.1-14.3 for 6+ partners], and marijuana use [2.2; 1.0-4.5]. The predictor of concordance in men and women was no longer married vs. married [3.5; 1.2-9.9 in men and 3.2; 1.1-9.4 in women].
 
  Concurrent and concordant HR-HPV infections occur at a high rate, especially among men, and are associated with behavioral factors. This underscores the importance of HPV vaccination, screening, and education in men.
 Concurrent and concordant HR-HPV infections occur at a high rate, especially among men, and are associated with behavioral factors. This underscores the importance of HPV vaccination, screening, and education in men.Our understanding of the contribution of genetic risk factors to neuropsychiatric diseases is limited to abnormal neurodevelopment and neuronal dysfunction. Much less is known about the mechanisms whereby risk variants could affect the physiology of glial cells. Our prior studies have shown that a mutant (dominant-negative) form of a rare but highly penetrant psychiatric risk factor, Disrupted-In-Schizophrenia-1 (DISC1), impairs metabolic functions of astrocytes and leads to cognitive dysfunction. In order to overcome the limitations of the mutant DISC1 model and understand the putative regional properties of astrocyte DISC1, we assessed whether knockdown of Disc1 (Disc1-KD) in mature mouse astrocytes of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) or the hippocampus would produce behavioral abnormalities that could be attributed to astrocyte bioenergetics. We found that Disc1-KD in the hippocampus but not PFC impaired trace fear conditioning in adult mice. Using the innovative deep learning approach and convolutional deep neural networks (cDNNs), ResNet50 or ResNet18, and single cell-based analysis, we found that Disc1-KD decreased the spatial density of astrocytes associated with abnormal levels and distribution of the mitochondrial markers and the glutamate transporter, GLAST. Disc1-KD in astrocytes also led to decreased expression of the glutamatergic and increased expression of the GABA-ergic synaptic markers, possibly via non-apoptotic activation of caspase 3 in neurons located within the individual territories of Disc1-KD astrocytes. Our results indicate that altered expression of DISC1 in astrocytes could impair astrocyte bioenergetics, leading to abnormalities in synaptic neurotransmission and cognitive function in a region-dependent fashion.
  The purpose of this study to analyze the financial impact of choosing a civilian or military orthopedic surgery career. It will examine the most common scenarios to become an orthopedic surgeon in the Navy Health Professions Scholarship Program to include becoming a flight surgeon. To the authors' knowledge, there is no peer-reviewed literature that financially analyzes the most common scenarios for a Navy Health Professions Scholarship Program scholarship recipient to become an orthopedic surgeon.
 
  Salaries for Navy orthopedic surgeons, residents, and flight surgeons were recorded using the 2020 Defense Finance and Accounting Service pay tables and Navy Fiscal Year 2019 Medical Corps Special Pay Guidance.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/sodium-phenylbutyrate.html  The median income of civilian orthopedic surgeons was recorded using Salary.com. The present value (PV) and future value (FV) were calculated using the Consumer Price Index-U and average Department of Defense pay increases over the past 20years. Six common scenarios were utilized to calculate the PV and dic surgery after serving a flight surgeon tour. Lastly, the net FV was very similar between a civilian orthopedic surgeon career and the shorter tours served in the Navy. Factors such as higher civilian income with associated loan repayment/signing bonuses makes the civilian orthopedic surgery route the best financial option. This study will help those medical students considering a military versus a civilian career in orthopedic surgery and aid in Department of Defense recruitment/retention.
  Studies report benefits of physical exercise and cognitive training to enhance cognition in older adults. However, most studies did not compare these interventions to appropriate active controls. Moreover, physical exercise and cognitive training seem to involve different mechanisms of brain plasticity, suggesting a potential synergistic effect on cognition.
 
  This study investigated the synergistic effect of cognitive training and aerobic/resistance physical exercise on dual-task performance in older adults. Intervention effects were compared to active controls for both the cognitive and the exercise domain.
 
  Eighty-seven older adults completed one of four different combinations of interventions, in which computer lessons was active control for cognitive training and stretching/toning exercise control for aerobic/resistance training 1-cognitive dual-task training and aerobic/resistance training (COG+/AER+), 2-computer lessons and aerobic/resistance training (COG-/AER+), 3-cognitive dual-task training and stretching/toning exercises (COG+/AER-) and 4-computer lessons and stretching/toning exercises (COG-/AER-).