Bone disease is an important complication of hyperparathyroidism. We herein report a rare case of severe bone disease caused by primary hyperparathyroidism. A 33-year-old man presented with pain and restricted mobility in his right upper limb and right hip due to a fall 3 days previously. X-ray examination showed a fracture of the proximal and distal humerus. Computed tomography examination showed a supracondylar fracture of the right humerus, a fracture of the right femoral neck, a fracture of the right sciatic branch, and multiple brown tumors. Ultrasonography showed a 3.5- × 1.6-cm hypoechoic mass below the left lobe of the thyroid. The patient was diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism based on increased serum calcium and parathormone concentrations, pathological fractures, and multiple brown tumors. He therefore underwent bilateral lower parathyroidectomy. Pathological examination revealed a parathyroid adenoma. The patient recovered well after surgery and was followed up for 6 months with no symptoms of hyperparathyroidism. This case report suggests that clinicians should be aware of the possibility of severe bone disease secondary to primary hyperparathyroidism. Active and early diagnosis and surgical treatment are important in such cases.
  Experimental model systems are of paramount importance in advancing our understanding of human disease.
 
  There are several limitations when using a single cell culture to recapitulate the findings in a complex organism and results often vary between species, when proxy animal models are studied.
 
  Human enteroids have allowed for study of human disease in complex multicellular culture systems. Here we present the novel use of human infant enteroids generated from premature infant intestine to study necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), which is a devastating intestinal disorder that affects our most vulnerable pediatric population.
 
  We demonstrate that NEC can be induced in premature human enteroids as supported by corresponding alterations in inflammation, apoptosis, tight junction expression, and permeability by treatment with lipopolysaccharide.
 We demonstrate that NEC can be induced in premature human enteroids as supported by corresponding alterations in inflammation, apoptosis, tight junction expression, and permeability by treatment with lipopolysaccharide.
  One of the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) is a diabetic foot ulcer (DFU), with lower extremity amputation (LEA).
 
  This study aims to explore the role of anxiety and depression on mortality, reamputation and healing, after a LEA due to DFU.
 
  A sample of 149 patients with DFU who underwent LEA answered the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and a sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire. This is a longitudinal and multicenter study with four assessment moments that used Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for demographic and clinical variables.
 
  Rate of mortality, reamputation and healing, 10 months after LEA were 9.4%, 27.5% and 61.7%, respectively.  https://www.selleckchem.com/  Anxiety, at baseline, was negatively associated with healing. However, depression was not an independent predictor of mortality. None of the psychological factors was associated with reamputation.
 
  Results highlight the significant contribution of anxiety symptoms at pre-surgery, to healing after a LEA. Suggestions for psychological interventions are made.
 Results highlight the significant contribution of anxiety symptoms at pre-surgery, to healing after a LEA. Suggestions for psychological interventions are made.
  The causative virus of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may cause severe fatal pneumonia. The clinical presentation includes asymptomatic infection, severe pneumonia, and acute respiratory failure. Data pertaining to acute renal injury due to COVID-19 in patients who have undergone renal transplantation are scarce. We herein report two cases of COVID-19 along with acute kidney injury following kidney transplantation.
  Two patients with COVID-19 underwent renal transplantation and were subsequently diagnosed with acute kidney injury. The first patient presented with progressive respiratory symptoms and acute renal injury. He was treated with diuretics and suspension of immunosuppressive therapy; however, the patient died. The second patient presented with respiratory tract symptoms, hypoxemia, and progressive deterioration of renal function followed by improvement. Her mycophenolate mofetil was stopped after admission, and tacrolimus was discontinued 10 days later. Moxifloxacin and methylprednisolone were continued in combination with albumin and gamma globulin infusion. A diuretic was administered, and prednisone was gradually reduced along with tacrolimus. The patient exhibited a satisfactory clinical recovery.
 
  Patients who develop COVID-19 after kidney transplantation are at risk of acute kidney injury, and their prednisone, immunosuppressant, and gamma globulin treatment must be adjusted according to their condition.
 Patients who develop COVID-19 after kidney transplantation are at risk of acute kidney injury, and their prednisone, immunosuppressant, and gamma globulin treatment must be adjusted according to their condition.
  To analyse the performance of iXip in the prediction of prostate cancer (PCa) and high-grade PCa.
 
  A consecutive series of men undergoing MRI/FUSION prostate biopsies were enrolled in one centre. Indications for prostate biopsy included abnormal prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels (PSA
  >
  4 ng/ml) and/or abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE) and/or abnormal MRI. All patients underwent the evaluation of serum PSA-IgM concentration and the iXip ratio was calculated. Accuracy iXip for the prediction of PCa was evaluated using multivariable binary regression analysis and receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curves.
 
  Overall 160 patients with a median age of 65 (62/73) years were enrolled. Overall, 42% patients were diagnosed with PCa and 75% of them had high-grade cancer (Epstein ≥ 3). Patients with PCa were older and presented higher PSA levels, higher PIRADS scores and lower prostate volumes (PVs). On ROC analysis iXip presented an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.57 in the prediction of PCa and of 0.