https://www.selleckchem.com/products/jnj-64264681.html Level III-prognostic retrospective case-control study.Hallux valgus deformity is a progressive forefoot deformity consisting of a prominence derived from a medially deviated first metatarsal and laterally displaced great toe, with or without pronation. Although there is agreement that the deformity is likely caused by multifactorial intrinsic and extrinsic factors, the best method of operative management is debated despite the creation of basic algorithms. Our understanding of the deformity and the development of newer techniques is continuously evolving. Here, we review the general orthopaedic principles of operative decision-making and management of hallux valgus deformity.INTRODUCTION Analysis of the Fundamentals of Arthroscopy Surgery Training (FAST) workstation regarding increased proficiency and retention of basic arthroscopy skills in novice subjects. METHODS First-year medical students from a single allopathic medical school performed weekly standardized FAST workstation modules for a consecutive 6 weeks. Primary outcomes evaluated were time to task completion and error rate on specific modules. Scores were analyzed using a one-way repeated measures analysis of variance design for overall trends in time and errors over the 6-week study. Psychomotor retention was analyzed after a 12-week and 24-week interlude. RESULTS Across the initial 6-week study, the average time to complete all modules at the workstation decreased significantly (P less then 0.001) with a mean reduction in the total workstation time of 21.9 minutes (s = 8.12 minutes). Weekly comparisons showed the most significant improvement from week 1 to week 2 for the total workstation time (P less then 0.001). Results after a 12-week and 24-week interval of inactivity demonstrated no significant difference in the mean workstation time or errors when compared with the original 6-week study. DISCUSSION The FAST workstation significantly improved th