We aimed to present a comprehensive review of the association of dietary glycemic index (GI) and load (GL) with the risk of chronic disease. Published meta-analyses of prospective observational studies evaluating the association of dietary GI and GL with risk of chronic disease were identified by a search in PubMed and Scopus to November, 2020.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/suzetrigine.html  Summary relative risks (SRRs) were recalculated using random-effects models. The certainty of evidence was rated by the GRADE approach. Eighteen meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies, reporting 19 SRRs for dietary GI and 17 SRRs for dietary GL were identified. There was a positive association between dietary GI and the risk of type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, and colorectal, breast, and bladder cancers, as well as between dietary GL and the risk of coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and stroke. With regard to cancers at other sites, there was no significant association. The certainty of evidence ranged from very low to low. Although by GRADE classification no associations were rated stronger than low, they were classified as one grade higher when the NutriGrade system was used. Further research is needed to add evidence for the relation of dietary GI and GL with cancer risk.Objectives To investigate the feasibility and efficacy of live renal ultrasonography to guide Double-J ureteral stent placement at the bedside. Patients and Methods Between April 12 and June 5, 2020, patients presenting with acute ureteral obstruction requiring decompression were prospectively selected for ultrasound-guided bedside ureteral stent placement. During stent placement, upper tract access confirmed using ultrasound with or without retrograde injection of ultrasound contrast before Double-J stent insertion. A postprocedural abdominal X-ray was obtained for stent position confirmation. Results Eight patients (four men and four women) were offered bedside ultrasound-guided ureteral stent placement, and all eight consented to proceed. Stents were placed in seven of eight patients. One patient had an impacted ureterovesical junction stone and stricture requiring ureteroscopy and laser lithotripsy in the operating room. All patients tolerated procedures without immediate complications. Conclusion Live renal ultrasonography can facilitate a high success rate for bedside ureteral stent placement outside the operating room. This approach is an attractive alternative to fluoroscopy-guided stent placement in the operating room and is of particular value in the COVID-19 era when judicious use of these resources is salient.The association between weight and chronic diseases is well defined. The quality and quantity of dietary fatty acids is an important external factor and appetite and energy expenditure, are important internal factors in determining body weight. On the other hand, dietary fatty acids composition can modulate appetite and energy metabolism, but not all fats are equal in producing metabolic responses. Given the accumulating evidence for differential effects of various dietary fatty acids, one important area of investigation is to scrutinize their roles in weight, appetite and energy expenditure modulation. There is substantial evidence to suggest that saturated fatty acids have a greater effect on appetite control, although in the long run may result in more weight gain than unsaturated fatty acids due to a weaker stimulation of energy expenditure. In contrast, mono-unsaturated fats do not have much effects on appetite control, but they can be beneficial in weight control over the long term due to stimulatory effects on energy expenditure. Interestingly, in case of poly unsaturated fats, including n-3 and n-6, their effect on increasing energy expenditure is aligned, but they act differently in controlling weight and appetite.Introduction Topical corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment for mild-to-moderate psoriasis in adult and adolescent patients but there can be many adverse events associated with long-term corticosteroid use. Corticosteroid-sparing alternatives include Vitamin D3 analogs, such as calcipotriene (also known as calcipotriol), which have long been used as monotherapy or combination therapy with other topical agents to treat psoriasis. Calcipotriene's mechanism of action is not fully understood but it is believed to be effective due to its anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory properties.Areas covered Herein, the authors review the safety and efficacy of calcipotriene 0.005% aerosol foam, as well as factors affecting patient adherence to topical therapies. The authors offer an expert opinion and future perspectives on the use of calcipotriene foam as monotherapy compared with other topical pharmacotherapies.Expert opinion Calcipotriene 0.005% foam is a safe and effective topical treatment when used to treat plaque psoriasis in patients aged 12 years and older. Despite its safety and efficacy, it remains largely utilized as a second-line agent due to its slow clinical improvement. Slow onset of action can result in poor patient adherence.Introduction Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is the gold standard treatment for patients with a large stone burden. There are a variety of methods to teach this important endourologic procedure, including simulation. We evaluated three different PCNL simulation platforms for potential use in teaching and assessing percutaneous renal access skills. Materials and Methods Urology residents, fellows, and faculty were recruited to participate in this study, which included completing standardized tasks on three PCNL simulation platforms a virtual reality (VR) simulator (PercMentor, 3D Systems™), a porcine tissue simulator (Cook™ Medical), and a new 3D immersive VR simulator-Marion K181 (Marion Surgical™). Participants were asked to complete a standardized task-gaining prone percutaneous renal access using a fluoroscopic-guided technique. Participants were asked to rate the simulators, and performance data were recorded for analysis. Results A total of 18 participants with varying levels of PCNL experience compl use as an assessment tool.