Riveted workpieces are widely used in manufacturing; however, current inspection sensors are mainly limited in nondestructive testing and obtaining the high-accuracy dimension automatically is difficult. We developed a 3-D sensor for rivet inspection using fringe projection profilometry (FPP) with texture constraint. We used multi-intensity high dynamic range (HDR) FPP method to address the varying reflectance of the metal surface then utilized an additional constraint calculated from the fused HDR texture to compensate for the artifacts caused by phase mixture around the stepwise edge. By combining the 2-D contours and 3-D FPP data, rivets can be easily segmented, and the edge points can be further refined for diameter measurement.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/yd23.html  We tested the performance on a sample of riveted aluminum frame and evaluated the accuracy using standard objects. Experiments show that denser 3-D data of a riveted metal workpiece can be acquired with high accuracy. Compared with the traditional FPP method, the diameter measurement accuracy can be improved by 50%.This study investigated the geographic variation and the clustering of lung cancer incidence rates in Philadelphia and the surrounding areas using addresses at the time of diagnosis. Using 60,844 cases from Pennsylvania Cancer Registry, we calculated and mapped the age-adjusted incidence rates for five Pennsylvania (PA) counties near Philadelphia between 1998-2007 and 2008-2017. We identified ZIP codes with significantly higher incidence rates than the state rates and examined their demographic and exposure characteristics. Further, we tested for spatial autocorrelation and identified spatial clusters using Moran's I statistic. Our results showed that approximately one in four ZIP codes had an incidence rate that was significantly higher than the PA state rate in each period studied. Clusters of higher incidences were detected in the southeastern part of PA bordering New Jersey. These areas tended to be more populated, of lower socioeconomic status, and closer to manufacturing facilities and major highways. Possibly driven by the community and environmental factors, the observed differences in disease incidence suggest the importance of including residential location in risk assessment tools for lung cancer.Diabetes mellitus is a major factor contributing to the development of cardiovascular disease. As morbidity and mortality rates rise dramatically, when target organ damage develops pre-symptomatic assessment is critical for the management of diabetic patients. Echocardiography is a noninvasive and reproducible method that may aid in risk stratification and in evaluation of treatment effects. The aim of this review is to analyze the echocardiographic techniques which can detect early alteration in cardiac function in patients with diabetes.Dealing with health information and taking care of one's own health are key aspects of health literacy and a difficulty for nearly half of the population in Europe. Limited health literacy often results in poorer health outcomes. Health literacy is a fundamental health determinant, and its improvement provides great potential for addressing public health challenges. Health care organizations play an important role in improving population's health literacy. Health literate health care organizations facilitate access, understanding and use of health information and decrease the demands and complexities of the health care system. Few efforts have been taken so far to promote organizational health literacy, especially in German-speaking countries. This project aimed at developing a self-assessment tool, which enables primary care organizations to assess and improve their level of health literacy. The self-assessment tool was developed and evaluated with general practitioners and community care organizations in Switzerland. Here the participative development process, outcomes and the three modules of the self-assessment tool are presented (1) manual with detailed introduction and instruction, (2) checklist for self-assessment of organizational health literacy and (3) handbook with measures for improvement. The aim of this tool is that organizations are able to identify the need for action, plan and implement improvement measures.Pre-slaughter stunning is required for humane slaughter. For turkeys, head-only electrical stunning is most often used by small scale producers. To ensure immediate and effective stunning, the impedance (resistance) of the tissue of the head of the animal situated between the two electrodes needs to be overcome swiftly. The impedance is a function of the voltage and decreases non-linearly with increasing voltage. In this paper, we describe a method to assess the minimum voltage needed at which the impedance no longer decreases, that is likely to produce an effective stun. For ethical reasons, gas stunned, electrically naïve turkeys were used to measure impedance at various levels of voltage and current. Several combinations of voltage and frequency, alternate current (AC), direct current (DC) and pulsed DC, were identified that would be sufficient to achieve the maximum decrease in the impedance, and therefore would allow the highest current and the most effective stun. A minimum, expressed as Root Mean Squared voltage, of 150 V and 50 Hz. would be required in AC, 175 V in pulsed DC at 30% cycle (150 at 50% cycle), and 225 V if voltage spikes of very short duration were used. Sinusoidal AC applied at 150 V, 50 Hz was selected for further testing.South Asia continues to be the global hub for child undernutrition with 35% of children still stunted in 2017. This paper aimed to identify factors associated with stunting among children aged 0-23 months, 24-59 months, and 0-59 months in South Asia. A weighted sample of 564,518 children aged 0-59 months from the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys (2014-2018) was combined of five countries in South Asia. Multiple logistic regression analyses that adjusted for clustering and sampling weights were used to examine associated factors. The common factors associated with stunting in three age groups were mothers with no schooling ([adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for 0-23 months = 1.65; 95% CI (1.29, 2.13)]; [AOR for 24-59 months = AOR = 1.46; 95% CI (1.27, 1. 69)] and [AOR for 0-59 months = AOR = 1.59; 95% CI (1.34, 1. 88)]) and maternal short stature (height less then 150 cm) ([AOR for 0-23 months = 2.00; 95% CI (1.51, 2.65)]; [AOR for 24-59 months = 3.63; 95% CI (2.87, 4.60)] and [AOR for 0-59 months = 2.87; 95% CI (2.