98 together with 91.7% sensitivity and 93.1% specificity, which is better than individual markers (AUC were 0.76, 0.84, 0.65, 0.82, and 0.85, respectively) (P = 0.001).  0.05). However, expression intensity of CD117 (P = 0.002), CD13 (P  less then  0.001), CD35 (P  less then  0.001), CD64 (P  less then  0.001), and MPO (P  less then  0.001) in APL are significantly higher while CD56 (P = 0.049) is lower than in non-APL subjects. The Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) analysis identified CD117 (≥ 49% events), CD13 (≥ 88% events), CD56 (≤ 25% events), CD64 (≥ 42% events), and MPO (≥ 97% events) antigens as an optimal model for APL diagnosis. A combination of these factors resulted in an area under curve (AUC) value of 0.98 together with 91.7% sensitivity and 93.1% specificity, which is better than individual markers (AUC were 0.76, 0.84, 0.65, 0.82, and 0.85, respectively) (P = 0.001).Germline disease-causing variants are generally more spatially clustered in protein 3-dimensional structures than benign variants. Motivated by this tendency, we develop a fast and powerful protein-structure-based scan (PSCAN) approach for evaluating gene-level associations with complex disease and detecting signal variants. We validate PSCAN's performance on synthetic data and two real data sets for lipid traits and Alzheimer's disease. Our results demonstrate that PSCAN performs competitively with existing gene-level tests while increasing power and identifying more specific signal variant sets. Furthermore, PSCAN enables generation of hypotheses about the molecular basis for the associations in the context of protein structures and functional domains.An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article. Mammographic density (MD) is a strong risk factor for breast cancer. We examined how endogenous plasma hormones are associated with average MD area (cm ) and annual MD change (cm /year). This study within the prospective KARMA cohort included analyses of plasma hormones of 1040 women. Hormones from the progestogen (n = 3), androgen (n = 7), oestrogen (n = 2) and corticoid (n = 5) pathways were analysed by ultra-performance supercritical fluid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPSFC-MS/MS), as well as peptide hormones and proteins (n = 2). MD was measured as a dense area using the STRATUS method (mean over the left and right breasts) and mean annual MD change over time. Greater baseline mean MD was associated with overall higher concentrations of progesterone (average + 1.29 cm per doubling of hormone concentration), 17OH-progesterone (+ 1.09 cm ), oesterone sulphate (+ 1.42 cm ), prolactin (+ 2.11 cm ) and SHBG (+ 4.18 cm ), and inversely associated with 11-deoxycortisol (- 1.33 cm ). The association between MD and progesterone was confined to the premenopausal women only. The overall annual MD change was - 0.8 cm . Hormones from the androgen pathway were statistically significantly associated with MD change. The annual MD change was - 0.96 cm and - 1.16 cm lesser, for women in the highest quartile concentrations of testosterone and free testosterone, respectively, compared to those with the lowest concentrations. Our results suggest that, whereas hormones from the progestogen, oestrogen and corticoid pathways drive baseline MD, MD change over time is mainly driven by androgens. This study emphasises the complexity of risk factors for breast cancer and their mechanisms of action. Our results suggest that, whereas hormones from the progestogen, oestrogen and corticoid pathways drive baseline MD, MD change over time is mainly driven by androgens. This study emphasises the complexity of risk factors for breast cancer and their mechanisms of action. Endometrial cancer (EC) is a common gynecologic malignancy worldwide. This study investigated the regulatory effects of circular RNA (circRNA) hsa_circ_0002577 on the tumorigenesis of EC. Tumor samples and adjacent normal tissues were obtained from 84 EC patients. Recombinant lentiviral vectors expressing hsa_circ_0002577 (Lv-circRNA), short hairpin RNAs against hsa_circ_0002577 (sh-circRNA), miR-625-5p mimics, miR-625-5p inhibitor, lentiviral vectors expressing insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) and their corresponding controls were transfected into EC cells as designated. A mouse xenograft model was established in BALB/c mice by inoculating Ishikawa cells transfected with sh-circRNA or control sequence. Hsa_circ_0002577 was upregulated in EC tissue samples and cells as compared to normal controls. EC patients with higher expression of hsa_circ_0002577 showed poorer overall survival and more advanced tumor stage. EC cells transfected with Lv-circRNA showed promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion, whereas the delivery of sh-circRNA exerted an opposite effect. Further analyses showed that hsa_circ_0002577 acted as a miR-625-5p sponge in EC cells. IGF1R was a potential downstream target of miR-625-5p. The expression of IGF1R in EC tissues was significantly higher than that in matched controls. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/lenalidomide-s1029.html Hsa_circ_0002577 accelerated EC development by inducing IGF1R expression and activating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Also, the knockdown of hsa_circ_0002577 delayed tumor growth and metastasis in the inoculated mice. Our study showed that circRNA hsa_circ_002577 accelerated EC progression by acting as a miR-625-5p sponge, upregulating IGF1R and activating the PI3K/Akt pathway, suggesting the potential therapeutic use of hsa_circ_002577 in EC treatment. Not Applicable. Not Applicable. Improvements in health cannot occur without cutting-edge research informing the design and implementation of health programmes and policies, highlighting the need for qualified and capable researchers and institutions in countries where disease burden is high and resources are limited. Research capacity strengthening efforts in low- and middle-income countries have included provision of training scholarships for postgraduate degrees, often in high-income countries, internships at research universities/centres, short courses, as well as involvement with research groups for hands-on experience, among others. The HRP Alliance provides opportunities for developing local research capacity in sexual and reproductive health and rights through institutions based in low- and middle-income countries linked with ongoing and past collaborative studies. It is a network of HRP research partner institutions, World Health Organization (WHO) country and regional offices, WHO special programmes and partnerships, and WHO collaborating centres.