https://www.selleckchem.com/ Moreover, CS&ED implementation can be an effective means for the managers to mitigate career-concerns.With respect to sustainable development, how to promote renewable energy is a major issue. Here, we introduce a hybrid subsidy mechanism that considers both input and output subsidies. Hybrid subsidies are analyzed with stochastic optimization approaches. An outstanding advantage of hybrid subsidies is the flexibility to adjust the intensity between the input and output subsidies. Our study shows that input-biased subsidies advance outputs and improve environmental efficiency (EE), while output-biased subsidies reduce risk and boost producer subsidy equivalents (PSEs). Therefore, the policy implication of this research is that different subsidy intensities should be employed according to preferences or social requirements.The present research studies the photocatalytic degradation of a pesticide using TiO2 and Fe3O4 nanoparticles supported on ZnO mesoporous (mZnO) substrate. Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphate pesticide with a C9H11Cl3NO3PS chemical formula. It is broadly utilized in agricultural fields to control product pests. The chlorpyrifos toxicity is acute and still dangerous to any aquatic organisms. The mZnO/TiO2-Fe3O4 material was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and N2 adsorption and desorption (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller; BET). In order to optimize three important operating parameters, i.e., chlorpyrifos concentration, mZnO/TiO2-Fe3O4 nanocomposite amount, and pH, for photocatalytic degradation of chlorpyrifos, response surface methodology (RSM) was applied. The central composite design (CCD) including 20 experiments was used to conduct experiments. The highest photodegradation performance of about 94.8% was obtained for a chlorpyrifos concentration of 8 ppm