https://www.selleckchem.com/products/l-arginine-l-glutamate.html injection under arthroscopy or ultrasound guiding. We designed a paired controlled study to investigate the advantages of using bone-tendon composite autograft to reconstruct chronic rotator cuff tear compared with primary repair and provide some evidence to use the bone-tendon composite autograft. Thirty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were used. The native bone-tendon junctions of supraspinatus and Achilles tendon insertion from two rats were harvested for gross and histological observation. Another thirty-six rats had bilateral supraspinatus tenotomy from the great tuberosity. Three weeks later, primary repair (simple tendon pullout directrepair to bone) was performed on one side and the other side was reconstructed using an Achilles-calcaneus composite autograft from the ipsilateral leg. Nine rats were sacrificed for biomechanical testing and another three were sacrificed for histological evaluation at 3, 6, and 9 weeks after surgery, respectively. The Achilles-calcaneus composite autograft group showed significantly better biomechanical characteristics arotator cuff tear reconstruction especially the large to massive rotator cuff tear in the future to reduce the re-tear after rotator cuff tear. The current study finds the bone-tendon autograft can restore the normal bone-tendon interface, which can not regenerate after repair and is the key factor affecting re-tear. The bone-tendon autografts from our body can be the candidates for rotator cuff tear reconstruction especially the large to massive rotator cuff tear in the future to reduce the re-tear after rotator cuff tear. Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), commonly using autogenous iliac bone graft may be limited by donor site availability, donor-site morbidity, lower fusion rate among specific patients and longer surgical time. Surgeons used rhBMP-2 as an alternative in order to fill these clinical needs. However, studies comparing with a