The patient received preoperative CRT including the bilateral inguinal region. After CRT, robotic-assisted laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection was performed. The macroscopic findings of the surgical specimen confirmed the formation of a scar as a result of the preoperative CRT. Microscopic examination of the anal tumor revealed no residual carcinoma or lymph node metastasis. In conclusion, this case may suggest the potential applicability of preoperative CRT for the local control of anal canal carcinoma with pagetoid spread. Copyright © 2019, Spandidos Publications.The misdiagnosis of retroperitoneal teratoma as a gastric stromal tumor is rarely reported. There are numerous abdominal organs, and retroperitoneal tumors are easily concealed by organs situated more anteriorly on the abdomen; therefore, retroperitoneal tumors are easily misdiagnosed as human digestive system tumors by abdominal surgeons. We herein present the case of a 39-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with a gastric stromal tumor (GST) on preoperative examination, whereas the postoperative diagnosis was retroperitoneal mature cystic teratoma. Such cases are clinically rare. In the present case, the tumor was located in the retroperitoneum, near the lesser gastric curvature, without an obvious gap. The anterior surface of the tumor was concealed by the lesser gastric curvature and did not move significantly with breathing and changes in posture. In such cases, a preoperative misdiagnosis is very likely. The aim of the present study was to improve our understanding of the presentation of retroperitoneal teratomas, thereby gaining more clinical experience and hopefully reducing the rate of misdiagnosis. Copyright © 2020, Spandidos Publications.Lymph node (LN) retrieval is a critical procedure to determine the pathological stage and adjuvant therapy for colorectal cancer. The present study aimed to recommend a novel method by using sodium hypochlorite to improve colorectal surgical specimen LN harvest. Dissolving time of mesenteric LNs and fat tissue was firstly investigated in different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite. In the sodium hypochlorite group, 65 patients with colorectal cancer who underwent curative surgery were included. After standard manual gross dissection, the mesenteric tissue was subsequently immersed in 1% sodium hypochlorite for ~30 min, and then manual dissection was again applied for additional LN harvest. In the manual method group, 68 patients with colorectal cancer were selected and only manual dissection method was applied for LN harvest. The number of LNs in both groups were recorded for each case. Sodium hypochlorite could dissolve fat tissue significantly faster than LNs and the low concentration sodium hypochlorite had the maximum dissolving time difference between fat tissue and LNs (P less then 0.001). After sodium hypochlorite treatment, more LNs were identified when compared with the manual dissection method (28.2±12.1 vs. 16.5±8.7; P=0.010), whereas the number of positive LNs had no significant statistical difference between the two groups (P=0.181). After sodium hypochlorite immersion, 818 additional LNs (12.5±4.8 per case) were identified and LNs ≤2 mm were 58.4% (478/818). Moreover, 16 additional metastatic LNs were found in 10 patients. A total of 7 of them were upstaged, including 2 initially N0 cases. Using sodium hypochlorite at low concentrations may be the most simple, rapid, cost-saving, nontoxic and effective technique to improve LN harvest in colorectal carcinoma specimens so far.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/mlt-748.html  This method should be used routinely regardless of whether the number of LNs is less then 12 or not. Copyright © 2020, Spandidos Publications.Alcohol consumption is an established risk factor for cancer, but little is known regarding the effect of genetic polymorphisms in alcohol metabolism genes on alcohol-related cancer risk in the Japanese population. Associations between the ADH1B gene (alcohol dehydrogenase 1B), single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1229984 and cancer have been extensively studied yet evidence is inconsistent. This population-based case-control study primarily aimed to clarify any association between SNP rs1229984 in both overall and specific cancer risk in a Japanese population. The functional non-synonymous SNP rs1229984 (Arg48His) was genotyped using DNA samples from 1,359 consecutive autopsy cases registered in The Japanese Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms for Geriatric Research database. Medical and pathological record data from this database were used to categorise cases and controls. Results included 1,359 participants, 816 cases and 543 controls. Multinomial logistic regression analyses showed no significant association between rs1229984 presence and overall cancer risk in both dominant and recessive genetic inheritance models [Arg/Arg+Arg/His vs. His/His Adjusted odds ratio (OR)=0.66 (95% CI=0.39-1.13; P=0.129), Arg/Arg vs. Arg/His+His/His OR=0.95 (95% CI=0.75-1.20; P=0.657)]. However, results showed those homozygous for rs1229984 (genotype His/His) were at significantly decreased odds of lung cancer than other genotypes [recessive model OR=0.64 (95% CI=0.44-0.93; P=0.020]. In conclusion, there was no significant association between rs1229984 and odds of overall or specific cancers except in lung cancer where His/His genotype decreased odds. To the best of our knowledge, the association between His/His and decreased odds of lung cancer is a novel finding. These findings require further validation in larger studies. Copyright © Govind et al.Background Weaning is known to result in barrier dysfunction and villus atrophy in the immediate post-weaning phase, and the magnitude of these responses is hypothesized to correlate with changes in the glutathione (GSH) redox system. Therefore, these parameters were simultaneously measured throughout the weaning phase, in piglets differing in birth weight category and weaning age, as these pre-weaning factors are important determinants for the weaning transition. Low birth weight (LBW) and normal birth weight (NBW) littermates were assigned to one of three weaning treatments; i.e. weaning at 3 weeks of age (3w), weaning at 4 weeks of age (4w) and removal from the sow at 3 d of age and fed a milk replacer until weaning at 3 weeks of age (3d3w). For each of these treatments, six LBW and six NBW piglets were euthanized at 0, 2, 5, 12 or 28 d post-weaning piglets, adding up 180 piglets. Results Weaning increased the glutathione peroxidase activity on d 5 post-weaning in plasma, and duodenal and jejunal mucosa. Small intestinal glutathione-S-transferase activity gradually increased until d 12 post-weaning, and this was combined with a progressive rise of mucosal GSH up till d 12 post-weaning.