To examine the short- and long-term effectiveness of dry needling on disability, pain, and patient-perceived improvements in patients with mechanical neck pain when added to a multimodal treatment program that includes manual therapy and exercise.
 
  Randomized controlled trial.
 
  Seventy-seven adults (mean ± SD age, 46.68 ± 14.18 years; 79% female) who were referred to physical therapy with acute, subacute, or chronic mechanical neck pain were randomly allocated to receive 7 multimodal treatment sessions over 4 weeks of (1) dry needling, manual therapy, and exercise (needling group); or (2) sham dry needling, manual therapy, and exercise (sham needling group). The primary outcome of disability (Neck Disability Index score) and secondary outcomes of pain (current and 24-hour average) and patient-perceived improvement were assessed at baseline and follow-ups of 4 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year by blinded assessors. Between-group differences were analyzed with a 2-way, repeated-measures analysis of variance. Globnaging neck pain. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2021;51(1)37-45. doi10.2519/jospt.2021.9864.
  The challenge of overuse raises important questions for those in the business of musculoskeletal health care. What is the right number of physical therapy visits for a given condition? Can a practice provide "less" but still be profitable? In this, the editorial on overcoming overuse of musculoskeletal health care, we consider the economic drivers of overuse in the private sector. We propose actions that could support small business leaders to overcome overuse and build profitable, high-quality services. 
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 The challenge of overuse raises important questions for those in the business of musculoskeletal health care. What is the right number of physical therapy visits for a given condition? Can a practice provide "less" but still be profitable? In this, the editorial on overcoming overuse of musculoskeletal health care, we consider the economic drivers of overuse in the private sector. We propose actions that could support small business leaders to overcome overuse and build profitable, high-quality services. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2021;51(1)1-4. doi10.2519/jospt.2021.0101.In late 2019, a previously unknown coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 (the coronavirus that causes COVID-19), was reported in Wuhan, China. Similar to the polio virus epidemic, the fear, uncertainty, and collective response associated with COVID-19 have disrupted daily life on a global scale. In this editorial, we argue that it is time for musculoskeletal physical therapists to grasp the opportunity provided by the COVID-19 pandemic to provide care that is (1) primarily active, (2) focused on self-efficacy and self-management, and (3) far less reliant on passive therapies. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2021;51(1)5-7. doi10.2519/jospt.2021.0102.
  To synthesize results of somatosensory processing tests in people with upper- and lower-limb tendinopathy, compared to controls.
 
  Systematic review with meta-analysis.
 
  Four electronic databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL Plus, SPORTDiscus, and Embase) were searched.
 
  Included studies measured a domain of sensory processing and compared a tendinopathy group to a healthy control group.
 
  Meta-analysis was conducted for outcomes with homogeneous data from at least 2 studies. Upper- and lower-limb conditions were compared and outcomes were examined by measurement site (local, regional, or remote to location of pain).
 
  Of the 30 studies included, 18 investigated lateral elbow tendinopathy. The most commonly assessed outcome measures were pressure pain threshold (PPT) and thermal pain threshold. There was moderate evidence for local and regional reduction of PPT in upper-limb tendinopathies, but not at remote sites. In lower-limb tendinopathies, there was conflicting evidence regarding reduced PPT at local sites and l1.9417.This non-randomized control group intervention study was conducted to determine the effect of preoperative video based pain training on postoperative pain and analgesic use in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. During the study, the patients in the control (n = 40) received routine care and the patients in the intervention group (n = 40) received video based pain training. İt was determined that the mean postoperative pain scores of the intervention group were significantly lower and their pain management was better compared to the control group (p  less then  .05). The intervention group was found to use significantly less paracetamol on operation day compared to the control group (p  less then  .05). The intervention group was determined to benefit from non-pharmacological methods more than the control group did (p  less then  .05). Providing video based pain training to patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty is recommended since it reduces postoperative pain levels and increases the use of non-pharmacological pain control methods.The depth of the English orthography makes reading and spelling in English a difficult task; particularly for English language learners (ELLs) whose first language (L1) has a shallow orthography. Mastering spelling in English is a critical component of increasing the English literacy of ELLs.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/quinine-dihydrochloride.html  This study investigated the English spelling of 569 Spanish-speaking ELLs in Grades 4 to 6. Participants' writing samples were analyzed for spelling errors. Latent class analysis was utilized to discover hidden categories within the data using eight spelling error categories (a) Vowel Omission; (b) Vowel Addition; (c) Vowel Substitution; (d) Vowel Sequence; (e) Consonant Omission; (f) Consonant Addition; (g) Consonant Substitution; (h) Consonant Sequence. Consonant- and vowel-based errors were nearly equal in each grade level. Latent class analysis resulted in a two-class model. Students in Class 1 made more types of errors than students in Class 2. As the grade level increased, the percentage of students in Class 2 increased. The results of this study show the effects of English and Spanish orthographies on the spelling of Spanish-speaking ELLs, with spelling errors occurring among both vowels and consonants. As omissions were the most prevalent errors in both classes, spelling instruction aimed at decreasing omissions should be considered for ELLs.