https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Pancuronium-bromide(Pavulon).html 2-2-mm (17.8%-30.6%) and less then 0.002-mm (20.7%-31.7%) of the two flooding treatments. The decreased Fe concentrations were closely associated with less Fec contents in these same fractions and more Feo and Fep in coarser aggregates (P less then 0.01). Importantly, the increase in contents of Feo and Fep in the 0.002-2 mm fraction were significantly correlated with content of Fe-/Mn-oxide-bound Cd (OX-Cd) in larger particle-size fractions (P less then 0.01). Furthermore, the increasing content of OX-Cd played a crucial role in reducing DTPA-Cd content. This study demonstrates that low pe + pH values favor the transformation of crystalline Fe oxides into a poorly-crystallized and organically-complexed phase, which facilitates Cd accumulation in coarser aggregates and enhances Cd stability in paddy soils.The effects of phenol on aerobic granular sludge including extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and microbial community were investigated for low strength and salinity wastewater treatment. Elevated phenol over 20 mg/L stimulated biological phosphorus removal mainly via co-metabolism with nearly complete phenol degradation, whereas resulted in significant accumulation of nitrate around 4 mg/L. Aerobic granules kept structural stability via enhancing production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), especially folds of polysaccharides (PS) and varying functional groups identified through EEM, FTIR and XPS spectral characterizations at increasing phenol loads. Illumina MiSeq sequencing results indicated that elevated phenol decreased the bacterial diversity and richness, and caused remarkable variations in structural and compositions of microbial population. Multiple halophilic bacteria including Stappia, Luteococcus, and Formosa laid the biological basis for stability of aerobic granules and efficient biological nutrients and phenol removal. Redundancy analysis (RDA) suggested the key r