Circ_001209 aggravates person suffering from diabetes retinal vascular malfunction via regulatory miR-15b-5p/COL12A1.
 Synovial sarcoma is a rare mesenchymal malignant neoplasm that presents a specific t(X;18) translocation forming SS18(SYT)-SSX chimera gene. It is most commonly seen in soft tissues of the extremities. The digestive tract is an exceptional site of involvement. We report a case of primary gastric synovial sarcoma in a 48-year-old female. Differential diagnosis of synovial sarcoma from other spindle cell, mesenchymal and cytokeratin-positive tumors is critical for the treatment and prognosis. Immunohistochemistry studies and molecular analysis are required to settle a proper diagnosis.We report a case of a 58-year-old female with microscopic extraovarian sex cord proliferations affecting both Fallopian tubes. Molecular analysis showed likely pathogenic germline missense mutations of the KDM5A and KMT2D genes. However, mutations of other genes, including FOXL2 and STK11, were not detected. Our case represents the 12th case of extraovarian sex cord proliferation reported in the literature to date. This is the first time that a molecular genetic analysis of the lesion has been performed, and it showed a wild-type FOXL2 gene, which represents another argument supporting the estimated benign nature of these rare lesions.Undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas (UC) is a carcinoma without a definitive direction of differentiation. Tumour protein p63 is a regulator of squamous phenotype, which may also be engaged in tumour development. N-terminal isoforms of p63 are TAp63 and ΔNp63. Pan-p63 antibodies are able to detect both isoforms, whereas p40 antibodies recognise the ΔNp63 isoform only. The aim of the study was to describe pan-p63/p40 immunohistochemical expression patterns in pancreatic neoplasms UC, ductal adenocarcinomas, neuroendocrine tumours, neuroendocrine carcinomas, serous cystic neoplasms, and solid pseudopapillary neoplasms. DAK-p63 and BC28 antibodies were used for pan-p63 and p40 detection, respectively. Moderate-to-strong pan-p63 was found in anaplastic (pleomorphic giant cell) UC (n = 4), sarcomatoid UC (n = 2), UC with osteoclast-like giant cells (n = 3), and ductal carcinomas with partial squamous differentiation. Weak and focal pan-p63 expression was found in monomorphic UC (n = 3) and in the majority of neuroendocrine carcinomas (6/7 cases). Pan-p63 expression was infrequent in ductal carcinomas without squamous differentiation and in neuroendocrine tumours. Serous cystic and solid pseudopapillary neoplasms were pan-p63-negative. Ductal carcinomas with partial squamous differentiation were the only tumours with evident p40 expression. Pan-p63(+)/p40(-) immunohistochemical status may be supportive for UC diagnosis.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/GDC-0449.html  The pan-p63 expression was not equivalent to squamous differentiation in pancreatic neoplasia.Modified agarose cell-block (CB) technique can be effectively used to have the CB embedded in the OCT compound for the preparation of frozen CB (F-CB) sections in the same way as in the preparation of frozen sections from cryoembedded fresh tissue samples for the intraoperative consultation. In this report, we demonstrate the amenability of F-CB sections to the diagnostic immunocytochemistry. The pelleted cytologic material was at first compactly embedded in ultralow-gelling temperature agarose gel and then re-embedded in conventional agarose gel. The resulting agarose-embedded cell-pellet was cut in halves so that one half is embedded in OCT compound for cryosectioning on a cryostat, while the other half is reserved for the preparation of paraffin-embedded CB (P-CB). The F-CB sections were comparable to sections cut from the paraffin-embedded CB in terms of the quality of H&E-staining and immunocytochemistry. We suppose this method can also facilitate a rapid quantitative and qualitative assessment of the future P-CB. We have extended this technique to the cryo-embedded cell-block method, in which the compact agarose cell pellet is directly embedded in the OCT compound so that the frozen sections can be cut from the cryo-embedded cell block in the same way as in intraoperative frozen section analysis. In this technical report, we illustrate how the frozen cell blocks (F-CBs) can be effectively prepared not only from liquid-based cytology samples but also from conventional fine-needle aspiration cytology slides.Clinical evaluation of oral leukoplakia (OL), confirmed by the histological evaluation of the suspected area, provides the gold standard for diagnostics of this pathology. The aim of present study was to encrypt the significance of the histopathological results (oral intraepithelial neoplasia - OIN, WHO 2005, Ljubljana classification systems) of OL. The usefulness of osteonectin as a biomarker of changes in the oral cavity epithelium was evaluated. IRS Score to evaluate osteonectin (SPARC - secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine) production in oral mucous tissues was modified, with the aim of adapting the diagnostic measurements to the OL cell environment. In total, 37 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks from patients with clinically diagnosed OL, and 29 FFPE blocks from patients with OSCC were evaluated. The OIN and system from Ljubljana were compared, to adjudicate which was most compatible with WHO 2005 histopathological assessment. Increased production of SPARC was observed, with the progression in severity of pathological changes in the oral mucosa, from simple hyperplasia, through dysplasia, to OSCC. The WHO 2005 and the OIN classification systems can be applied interchangeably.Numerous genetic pathways associated with glioblastoma development have been identified. In this study, we investigated the prognostic significance of IDH1 and ATRX mutations and WT-1 and p53 expression in glioblastomas and that of surgical methods, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. 83 patients with glioblastomas were retrospectively evaluated.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/GDC-0449.html  Immunohistochemical analysis was performed for IDH1, ATRX and WT-1 expression. Tumour cells were positive for IDH1 in 9.6% of the patients. In 4.8% of the patients, loss of ATRX expression was observed in tumour cells; 86.7% of the patients were WT-1 positive, and 12.05% of the patients were p53 positive. No statistically significant difference was found in the progression-free and overall survival according to IDH1, ATRX, WT-1 and p53 expression. There was a statistically significant difference in the progression-free and overall survival according to the radiotherapy status. There was a statistically significant difference in the overall survival according to the chemotherapy status.