Furthermore, a strong anti-clonogenic effect of compound 4i on lung cancer cells was observed. The flow cytometric analysis investigation reveals that compound 4i arrests the A549 cancer cell lines at the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. Molecular docking were also performed on 4i, 4j, and erlotinib to predict the binding mode towards the EGFR kinase (PDB code 1M17) and the compounds have displayed similar interactions and compared with erlotinib. CONCLUSION Overall, these findings could suggest that the compound 4i would be an ideal lead as an anticancer agent.AIM Enormous attempts have been made to develop and establish markers that determines the susceptibility of potentially malignant tissues to transform to oral cancer. E - cadherin encoded by CDH1 gene is a protein which plays an important role in cellular adhesion. This study aimed to assess the relationship between the expression of E- cadherin and different grades of epithelial dysplasia in oral leukoplakia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Tumour biopsies from fifty leukoplakia patients was collected. Half of the tissue was sent for histopathological examination and other half was subjected to see E - cadherin expression by real time PCR. RESULTS On assessing, the expression of E - cadherin was found to be high in samples with mild dysplasia followed by samples with moderate dysplasia. Samples with severe dysplastic feature showed least expression of E - cadherin.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/BIBF1120.html  All statistical analyses were performed using Statistical Package for Social science (SPSS) and was proven that there is significant decrease in the expression of E - cadherin as the degree of dysplasia increases with a p value 0.001 and confidence interval 95%. CONCLUSION We conclude that loss of E - cadherin can be used as a tumour marker that could determine the susceptibility of normal and potentially malignant tissues to transform into oral cancers. To generalise our results, further prospective studies with a large sample size using quantitative real time PCR to read the gene expression should be carried out at multi centre levels..BACKGROUND The event of fibrosis encompasses involvement of definite immunological and molecular mechanisms. As quite a lot of pro-fibrotic pathways are concerned, a multipronged approach is obligatory to cognize the fibrotic events. SMAD signaling pathway hasn't been studied oral fibrotic events.In the progression of cramming the SMAD signaling pathway in OSMF, the first initiator protein of the pathway was considered for evaluation in the present study. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 100 subjects consisting of 20 controls, 40 patients with reactive lesions such as Traumatic Fibroma, Epulis Fissuratum and Gingival Hyperplasia and 40 patients with Oral Submucous Fibrosis were recruited for the study. Tissue homogenates were assayed by quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique using Human Mothers Against Decapentaplegic Homolog 2 (Smad2). RESULTS SMAD 2 expression values showed significant difference between control and OSMF group. However, the difference between reactive lesions with control and OSMF were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION Graded increase of SMAD 2 expression from control,reactive lesions and OSMF were observed accentuating the role of SMAD signalling pathway in fibro genesis. Further this can be validated to generate effective antifibrotic targets.BACKGROUND Inguinal lymph node involvement is the main prognostic factor in patients with penile cancer. However, there is a lack of marker/s for lymph node metastasis. microRNAs have been investigated as potential markers for prognosis of various types of cancer. Taking this into consideration, our main goal was to determine the association of miR-223-3p, miR-107, and miR-21-5p expression with clinicopathological characteristics, as well as presence of lymph node metastasis in patients with penile cancer. METHODS Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded penile squamous cell carcinoma specimens from 50 patients, at diagnosis and prior to any cancer treatment, were obtained. Tissue samples comprising at least 70% malignant cells and adjacent non-tumor tissues were evaluated by using qRT-PCR for expression level of miR-223-3p, miR-107 and miR-21-5p. Additionally, molecular identification of HPV was performed by PCR, and the expression levels of PTEN were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Penile squamous cell carcinoma primary tumors presented higher expression of miR-223-3p, miR-107, and miR-21-5p when compared to non-tumor adjacent tissues. Upregulation of miR-223-3p was associated lymph node metastasis. Higher expression of miR-107 was associated with worsening of prognosis (as observed by histological grade II and III, tumors bigger than 2.0 cm, stage III and IV, and lower disease-free survival). In addition, higher expression of miR-107 and miR-21-5p was correlated to the absence of PTEN protein expression. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that higher expression of miR-223-3p, miR-107, and miR-21-5p is correlated with poor prognosis in penile cancer. The upregulation of these microRNAs potentially affect critical cancer pathways and may be important for the prognosis and response to therapy in penile cancer.BACKGROUND To compare diagnostic accuracy between DWI visual scale assessment and ADC value measurement of solid portion of the tumor in grading gliomas. METHODS This retrospective study included 38 patients who had pathologically proven gliomas between January 2013 and August 2018 with 18 low grade and 20 high grade tumors. All patients underwent MRI and biopsy. Two readers reviewed DWI visual scale independently. Disagreement was resolved by consensus. One reviewer measured ADC value of entire solid part of the tumor in single axial slice with greatest dimension of tumor which was chosen by consensus. Two data sets of visual scale and ADC value were analyzed and comparison of diagnostic accuracy in glioma grading was done by using area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). RESULTS Visual scale and ADC value could be used to distinguish between low and high grade gliomas with a statistically significant difference. (P-value 0.002 and .