5%. Interspecific genetic differences among the subfamilies of Oestridae were in the range of 19.8% to 30.8%. Conclusion This study has provided the first molecular characterization data on O. ovis larvae from an accidental human host in Turkey based on CO1 barcode sequences.Objective In this study, it was aimed to determine the molecular prevalence and genotypes of Enterocytozoon in healthy cattle. Methods Fecal samples were collected from 50 cattle in Sivas between October 2017 and March 2018 and genomic DNA (gDNA) isolations were performed. gDNA isolates were processed by Nested PCR specifically amplifying ITS rRNA gene region to identify E. bieneusi. ITS rRNA region of E. bieneusi positive isolates were sequenced for genotyping and phylogenetic analyzes. Obtained sequences were assembled with appropriative genetic software, then phylogenetic relationships were revealed. Results According to Nested PCR analyses, 29 (19.3%) out of totally examined samples were found positive for E. bieneusi. As a result of the sequence analyses, five distinct genotypes were determined. The most frequent genotype ERUSS1 and the other ERUSS2-4 genotypes were characterized as close to each other, which was reported for the first time in the world. Two isolates were determined in N genotype that was reported from cattle in Germany and were more different from the other genotypes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all the genotypes characterized in the study belonged to the genogroup 2. Conclusion First molecular epidemiological data on E. bieneusi in cattle from Turkey were obtained with this study.Purpose In our study, antihelminthic activity of Nigella sativa was tested on a model organism Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Methods N2 (wild type) C. elegans and Escherichia coli OP50 were purchased from the University of Minnesota, Ceanorhabditis Genetic Center for the study. C. elegans were grown in NGM (Nematode Growth Medium) solid culture medium. After synchronization, nematodes in adult form were exposed to Nigella sativa seed oil at concentrations of 1%, 0.1%, 0.01%, 0.001% and 0.0001%. The study continued for 18 days until all nematodes in the experimental and control groups died. Alive and dead nematodes were recorded every day. The nematodes in which pharengeal pumping stopped was recorded dead. Result According to our findings, all nematodes died at the end of the fourth day at a concentration of 1%. In addition, no alive nematod was observed at the end of the fifth day at concentration of 0.1%; whereas at the end of the 13th day all nematodes died at concentration of 0.01%. When the data were analyzed statistically, the difference between at concentrations of 0.1%, 0.01%, 0.001% and the control group was significant (p less then 0.05). Conclusion The fact that helminths are usually macroscopic in size and most of them cannot be produced in the laboratory by culturing is a major obstacle for scientific studies. Our study has shown that C. elegans can be a good model in studies of antihelmintic activity and that Nigella sativa has an anthelmintic effect.Objective The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of intestinal parasites in patients admitted to our hospital with gastrointestinal complaints in our city harboring sociocultural and economic changes, and to show the relationship between these parasites and variables such as age, sex and year. Methods The distribution of intestinal parasites in patients who suffered from gastrointestinal symptoms and were referred to our microbiology/parasitology laboratory from various clinics of the Sivas Cumhuriyet University Training and Research Hospital between January 2006 and December 2018 was determined. After macroscopic examination, 19,760 stool specimens were examined with Nativ-lugol, if necessary, flotation, sedimentation, trichrome and modified acid-fast, Certest Combo Card test Crypto + Giardia + Entamoeba (CerTest Biotec S.L., SPAIN) methods and 5,814 cellophane tape samples were examined with direct microscopy and the results were evaluated retrospectively. Results Three protozoa and six helminth species were identified in the samples studied. The most frequent parasite was found to be Giardia intestinalis (6.9% n=1.363) from protozoa and Enterobius vermicularis (10.8% n=627) from helminths. Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (1.5% n=289), Cryptosporidium parvum (0.3% n=53), Ascaris lumbricoides (0.2% n=41), Trichuris trichiura (0.1% n=23), Hymenolepis nana (0.1% n=21), Taenia saginata (2.1% n=299) and Dicrocoelium dendriticum (0.01% n=1) were among other intestinal parasites. Conclusion Between 2006-2018, while decreases in soil-borne parasitoses were observed, there was no statistically significant decrease in annual positive case rates. Despite the development of the infrastructure, parasitoses transmitted by lack of sanitation/cleaning, are still important in our province.Objective Demodicosis is a Skin disease in humans caused by Demodex folliculorum (D. folliculorum) and Demodex brevis (D.brevis) mites. Demodex infestation is mostly located in sebaceous and meibomian glands in the hair follicles. The aim of this study was to determine the age and sex distribution of Demodex infestation in patients with blepharitis. Methods Between 2011-2018, eyelashes from 335 patients with blepharitis, visual impairment or conjunctivitis attached to the cellophane tape were sent to the laboratory of Department of Medical Parasitology in Çukurova University Medical Faculty and were examined within 1 hour. Results D. folliculorum was detected in 143 (42.6%) of the 335 patients. Of the patients in whom D. folliculorum was detected, 50 (35%) were female and 93 (65%) were male. The mean age of patients with D. folliculorum was 64.1 years and the mean age of patients without D. folliculorum was 52.7 years. Conclusion In patients with blepharitis, the incidence of Demodex increases with age.Objective Human toxocariosis (HT) is a widespread and neglected parasitic disease around the world and it is caused by Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati, a common nematode found in dogs and cats. Childiren are caught to HT after ingestion of embriyonated Toxocara spp. eggs via contaminated materials such as soil, hair and etc. The aim of this study is to investigate Toxocara spp. and other zoonotic parasites in children’s playgrounds in Karaman province of Turkey. Methods In total, 103 samples (68 sand soil, 26 soil and 9 stool) from 20 randomly selected children's playgrounds in May 2018 in Karaman province, were investigated. Samples were examined by flotation in saturated NaCl solution and parasite ova were diagnosed under the light microscope morphologically.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/dx3-213b.html  Results Of the 20 screened playgorunds, 11 [55%, confidence interval (CI=33.6-75.2)]and 27 analyzed sample (26.2%, CI=18.4-35.2) were positive one or more parasite species. While Toxocara spp. eggs were the most common species in total (19.4%, CI=12.6-27.