We report a novel synthesis of CsPbX 3 perovskite nanoplates (PNPLs) driven by SnX 4 (X = Cl, Br, I) salts and address the role played by these hard Lewis acids in directing the formation of PNPLs. Sn 4+ disturbs the acid-base equilibrium of the system, increasing the protonation rate of oleylamine and inducing an anisotropic growth of the nanocrystals. Sn 4+ cations influence the reaction dynamics due to its complexation with oleylamine molecules. By monitoring the photoluminescence excitation and photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the PNPLs grown at different synthesis temperatures, we map the influence of the thickness on their optical properties. Time and spectrally resolved PL for colloidal dispersions with different optical densities, reveals that the dependence of the overall PL lifetime on the emission wavelength do not originate from energy transfer between PNPLs, but results from the contribution of PNPLs with distinct thickness, indicating that thicker PNPLs exhibit longer PL lifetimes. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.In order to improve the poor solvent resistance and poor temperature resistance caused by traditional sizing agents, crystalline poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) is introduced to the interfacial phases of carbon fiber (CF) reinforced PEEK composites by a soluble precursor named PEEK-1,3-dioxolane. By changing the soluble precursor molecular weight and concentration in the sizing solution, the content of PEEK coated on the CF fiber surface can be controlled and the different interfacial properties of the PEEK composites can be obtained. The results shows that, with this method, crystalline PEEK can be completely coated on the CF surface, and the interfacial shear strength of the PEEK composites increases from 43.42 to 83.13 MPa. Due to none of any soluble compounds in the PEEK composites, the interfacial layer is well preserved under organic solvents and hygrothermal conditions, and the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) of the PEEK composites maintained above 85.4% and 90.44%, respectively.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/myk-461.html  Scanning electron microscope clarifies that the mechanism of interface enhancement comes from a better wetting of crystalline PEEK on the fiber surface. Additionally, the sizing system of this investagation has the potential commercial value because of no toxic reagent (such as 2,4,5-trichloro-1-hydroxy-benzene or concentrated sulfuric acid) is required during sizing. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Cotton fiber is a kind of biodegradable material which possesses the properties such as high specific area, adjustable shape and hygroscopicity. In this work, organic polymer was directly in situ grown on the surface of cotton thread and packed into PEEK tube for online in-tube solid-phase microextraction. The novel strategy solves the problems like high backpressure and tedious optimization process of normal monolithic polymer based in-tube SPME capillary. The quaternary ammonium typed ionic liquid of 1-allyl-methylimidazolium chloride, 4-vinylbiphenyl and ethylene dimethacrylate were co-polymerized and in situ grown on the surface of cotton thread as extraction phase. The SPME tube showed excellent performance for the extraction of three non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs including ketoprofen, naproxen and flurbiprofen due to the strong ion exchange and hydrophobic interactions. After online coupling with HPLC system by six-port valve, the method was applied for the quantitative analysis of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in human plasma samples showing good enrichment performance (enrichment factor between 263-279), high sensitivity, good linearity and good reproducibility. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Histone modifications play important roles in regulating chromatin dynamic changes. In this study, acetylated histone H3 lysine 9 and 18 (H3K9ac and H3K18ac), acetylated histone H4 lysine 5 and 8 (H4K5ac and H4K8ac), tri-methylation histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me3), di-methylation histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9me2) are investigated in bovine oocytes, zygote, and preimplantation. During meiosis, H3K9ac and H3K18ac are erased after germinal vesicle breakdown, H4K8ac is erased after metaphase I (MI). Although H4K5ac is erased at MI, it is redetectable after this stage. However, histone methylations have no significant change during meiosis. During fertilization, intensive H4K5ac and H4K8ac are resumed on male and female chromatins at postfertilization 4 and 8 hr, respectively. H3K9ac and H3K18ac are resumed on both male and female chromatins at postfertilization 8 and 12 hr, respectively. H3K4me3 and H3K9me2 gradually increased on male chromatin after postfertilization 8 hr, while these two signals on female chromatin are detectable from postfertilization 2-18 hr. During embryo cleavage, H3K9ac, H3K18ac, and H3K4me3 are reduced at 8-cell stage, and then start to increase. H4K5ac, H4K8ac, and H3K9me2 increase after the 4-cell stage. At interphase, H4K5ac and H4K8ac are more intensive in nuclear periphery from 2- to 8-cell stages. During mitosis, the signal of H4K8ac is intensive at chromosome periphery. In summary, during both oocyte meiosis and fertilization, the dynamic changes of both histone acetylations and methylations happen in a process of lysine residue-specific and species-specific. During preimplantation development, the dynamic patterns of both H3K9ac and H3K18ac are similar to that of H3K4me3, while the dynamic pattern of H4K5ac is similar to that of H4K8ac. These results will be helpful for understanding the effect of histone posttranslational modifications on bovine reproduction and development. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Yunling cattle, a three-breed cross consisting of 1/2 Brahman cattle, 1/4 Murray Grey cattle and 1/4 Yunnan Yellow cattle, has advantage of rapid growth, good meat quality, enhanced tolerance towards a hot and humid climate, tick resistance and crude feed forbearance. Here, we investigated the genetic diversity, global and local ancestry proportions by sequencing the genomes of 131 Yungling cattle and 31 Brahman cattle (for control). Furthermore, we used 35 published genomes of ancestry breeds (including Angus cattle [ancestry of Murray Grey], Wannan cattle [ancestry of Yunnan Yellow cattle Wenshan and Dianzhong], Wenshan and Dianzhong cattle) to characterize the formation process of Yunling cattle. The highest nucleotide diversity was found in the Wannan cattle, followed by Wenshan, Dianzhong, Brahman, Yunling and Angus cattle. The results of LD decay in each breed was largely consistent with the results of nucleotide diversity, except for the faster decay in Angus cattle out of a smaller effective population size and a strong bottleneck during the breed formation.