Intra-gastric balloon (IGB) insertion is a safe, well-tolerated and an effective weight loss procedure. It is commonly used as a step prior to bariatric surgery in obese patients with co-morbidities and failed conservative weight-loss methods. The main side effects post-IGB placement include nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain. The reported complications of IGB include balloon over-inflation, balloon migration, esophagitis, ulceration, gastric perforation and bowel obstruction. We report a case of acute pancreatitis attributed to IGB placement, which is a rare complication of this procedure. The diagnosis of acute pancreatitis due to IGB was made after excluding other causes of acute pancreatitis by radiological imaging. The patient underwent endoscopic IGB removal with rapid post-surgical improvement of her clinical course.Pneumoperitoneum refers to the presence of intraperitoneal free gas outside the viscera. A perforation of a hollow viscus is the main cause and usually indicates a surgical emergency. However, some case of pneumoperitoneum can be completely asymptomatic and secondary to benign conditions that do not require any surgical intervention. In this situation a misleading diagnosis of pneumoperitoneum may occur. The authors are going to present a case of a 79-year-old man with an asymptomatic pneumoperitoneum incidentally detected by CT-scan and subsequently revealed to be pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI) at diagnostic laparoscopy.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/b102-parp-hdac-in-1.html  PCI is a rare condition characterized by the presence of gas-filled cyst in the submucosa/subserosa of the bowel wall that can easily mimic pneumoperitoneum on radiological imaging. A thorough examination of radiological findings is crucial in preventing unnecessary surgical procedures that may expose patients to potential associated morbidities.This article presents an alternative technique to the common Toupet fundoplication. It is a modern combination of the standard Toupet procedure and an additional fundophrenicopexie of the gastric wrap. In 1963 Toupet first described his technique of a fundoplication for reflux surgery. Over the past years this procedure has been modified and expanded many times. We have learned that the short gastric vessels need to be divided to get the wrap closer and easier around the esophagus. Furthermore, it is likely necessary to perform a balanced hiatoplasty to avoid slippage of the wrap. Our procedure is a modification of the standard Toupet fundoplication, but is extended by fixing the wrap to the anterior wall of the diaphragm. We consider our modification successful and safe in treating gastroesophageal reflux disease in patients with type I/II hiatal hernia and prevent postoperative complications such as dysphagia or slippage of the wrap.We present the case of a 23-year-old patient who developed a severe gastric ischemia after the ingestion of a single dose of sodium polystyrene sulfonate (SPS) orally. Emergency surgery confirmed extensive full thickness gastric necrosis, prompting a total gastrectomy. Histopathology showed kayexalate crystals in the gastric wall, suggesting SPS-related ischemic gastritis. After radical resection of the affected stomach, this young patient was able to fully recover. Although effective, the widespread use of SPS to treat hyperpotassemia remains a debated topic because of rare but serious adverse events like the forming of kayexalate crystal residues in the gastrointestinal tract. These crystal residues are mostly found in the large intestine and can lead to ulceration and necrosis. Physicians need to be aware of this rare but potentially devastating adverse effect of SPS ingestion.Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common salivary gland neoplasm, accounting for 63% of all parotid gland tumors. Most tumors originate in the superficial lobe but, more rarely, these tumors may involve the deep lobe of the parotid gland, growing medially and occupying the parapharyngeal space (PPS). Our case presents a 48-year-old man with an extremely huge recurrent parapharyngeal lesion that bulging in the nasopharynx and the oropharynx and significantly comprised the airways. Surgery was planned to approach the deeper lobe of parotid gland and para-pharyngeal mass by transparotid, transmandibular swing approach. Histopathological examination revealed the features suggestive of pleomorphic adenoma. The patient was discharged after 9 days with no facial nerve deficit. Management of these tumors is more challenging due to the anatomical location of the para-pharyngeal space. Preoperative definitive diagnosis, with tumor typing, is less important, and incisional biopsy of any PPS mass should definitely be avoided, in order not to run the risk of a significantly higher rate of recurrence.Myofibroblastoma (MFB) is a relatively rare tumor of the breast parenchyma, which belongs to the family of the 'benign stromal tumor of the breast'. Two cases of MFB of the breast are described. Radiological imaging is nonspecific in MFB, and pathological examination of needle biopsy or surgically resected specimen is necessary for the diagnosis. Surgery is recommended and considered curative without additional treatment; however, patients should be followed-up.We describe the surgical management of a rare pulmonary angiomatoid fibrous histiosarcoma (AFH). A 62-year-old lady presented with shortness of breath and found to have a large left main pulmonary artery defect that was positron emission tomography-avid. Following discussion in a thoracic multidisciplinary team meeting it was deemed unsafe to biopsy considering its intravascular position. The patient proceeded to theatre for a left pneumonectomy. She was successfully discharged home by Day 7. On follow-up the patient is well, and free of malignancy. AFH is an incredibly rare form of sarcoma, and in particular in the thoracic region. We have demonstrated successful oncological resection of a rare intravascular lesion in the pulmonary artery.This is a report of a rare case of an infarcted pelvic intra-abdominal cyst, having no mesenteric connection presenting as an acute abdomen. The patient had significant asbestos exposure. The cyst was treated successfully by surgical excision. Histopathology showed an infarcted cyst; the lining was destroyed, precluding marker studies. A diagnosis of benign cystic peritoneal mesothelioma (BCPM) was made by excluding other causes of solitary pelvic intra-abdominal cysts. BCPM has been classified as an asbestos-related neoplasm and is usually seen in the pelvis adjunct to the urinary bladder. One-year post-surgery, there was no recurrence. The case report shows that infarcted pelvic mesothelial cysts can present as an acute abdomen and can be treated successfully by total excision with no recurrence.