https://www.selleckchem.com/Proteasome.html 05). A significant improvement in expression of gene and antioxidant enzyme levels were observed compared to pre-treatment by NAC (P<0.05). Significant correlations were observed between NRF2 mRNA expression level, specific sperm parameters and level of antioxidant enzymes (P<0.05). The results demonstrated that NAC oral supplementation protected against oxidative stress by enhancing NRF2 expression. This could improve semen parameters quality parameters in asthenoteratozoospermia men (Registration number IRCT20170830035998N4). The results demonstrated that NAC oral supplementation protected against oxidative stress by enhancing NRF2 expression. This could improve semen parameters quality parameters in asthenoteratozoospermia men (Registration number IRCT20170830035998N4). Although application of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) in industry and medicine has increased, their potential toxicity in reproductive cells remains a controversial issue. This study was undertaken to address the response of sperm, oocyte, and resultant blastocyst to dextran-coated SPIONs (D-SPIONs) treatment during murine fertilization (IVF). In this experimental study, murine mature oocytes were randomly divided into three groups control, and low- and high-dose groups in which fertilization medium was mixed with 0, 50 and 250 μg/ml of DSPIONs, respectively. Sperm and/or cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were cultured for 4 h in this medium for electron microscopic analysis of sperm and COCs, and assessment of developmental competence and genes expression of and in the resultant blastocysts. Ultrastructural study of sperm, oocyte, and granulosa showed destructed mitochondria and membranes in spermatozoa, vacuolated mitochondria and distorted cristae in oocytes, and disrupted nuclei and disorganized cell membranes in granulosa in a dose-dependent manner. Data showed that cleavage and blastocyst rates in the 250 μg/ml of D-SPIONs were