ation with the growth rate of built-up areas, which implies longer temporal dependency should be captured for rapidly developing areas. BACKGROUND Predicted temperature rise is likely to increase the risks of development and progression of renal/urologic anomalies for workers engaged in physically exerting and high-heat occupations. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study with 340 steelworkers engaged in moderate to heavy labour with ≥3 year's heat exposures and assessed Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) and heat-strain indicators. We captured self-reported heat-strain and kidney symptoms using validated questionnaires and subjected 91 workers to renal ultrasound upon referral of an occupational health specialist to detect and confirm any structural renal anomalies/stones. RESULTS The results show that heat exposures (Avg.WBGT = 33.2 °C ± 3.8 °C) exceeded the Threshold Limit Value (TLV) for 220 workers. 95% of the workers reported symptoms of heat strain and dehydration and significant associations between heat exposures, rise in Core Body Temperature (CBT) (p = 0.0001) and Urine Specific Gravity (USG) (p = 0.018) were observed. Of the 91 workers subjected to renal ultrasound, 33% were positive for kidney/ureteral stones (n = 25) & other structural renal anomalies (n = 5). Renal/urologic anomalies were higher in the heat-exposed workers (AOR = 2.374; 95% C.I = 0.927 to 6.077; p = 0.072) 29% of workers were from exposed group and 4% were from unexposed group. Years of exposure to heat (≥5 vs less then 5) were significantly associated with the risk of renal anomalies/calculi. CONCLUSION The preliminary finding concludes that high-heat stress combined with a heavy workload and chronic dehydration are high-risk factors for adverse renal health and calls for the urgent need for cooling interventions, enhanced welfare facilities, and protective labour policies to avert adverse health consequences for few million workers in the climate change scenario. Efficient energy generation device is desired to couple with soft electronics for driving devices. Due to frequent uses of soft electronics in indoor conditions, flexible fiber-shaped dye-sensitized solar cell (FDSC) is regarded as the most promising energy generation device due to high light-to-electricity conversion maintenance under weak dim light. Using gel electrolyte to assemble FDSC cannot only restrict electrolyte leakage but also improve device flexibility and stability especially under bending conditions. In this study, poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP) gel electrolyte is used to fabricate FDSC composed of curled TiO2 nanotube/Ti wire photoanode and Pt counter electrode. It is the first time to control gel electrolyte configuration by adding different PVdF-HFP concentrations, and to optimize iodine concentration in electrolyte regarding to redox ability and electrolyte transmittance. Configuration of gel electrolyte is carefully analyzed to define porous layer and concrete layer of polymer for accumulating liquid electrolyte and inhibiting leakage and evaporation. The highest solar-to-electricity conversion efficiency of 6.32% is obtained for FDSC with 9% PVdF-HFP and 0.04 M I2 in electrolyte, due to well-defined cross-linking structure, abundant redox reactions, and high incident-light illumination through electrolyte. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and intensity-modulated photocurrent/photovoltage spectroscopy are used to analyze charge-transfer resistance and charge-collection efficiency. Complete oxidation of ethanol is a pressing need for direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs) owning to high energy conversion. However, it holds great challenges on account of sluggish kinetics for CC bond cleavage and high susceptibility to CO poisoning. Herein, ternary PtPdCu nanocrsytals are synthesized and investigated for complete oxidation of ethanol. The obtained ternary PtPdCu nanodendrites (PtPdCu NDs) have a stepped surface, providing abundant active sites. Due to the structural and synergistic effects, ternary PtPdCu NDs exhibit a mass activity of 5.59 A mgPtPd-1 and specific activity of 15.82 mA cm-2 towards ethanol oxidation reaction, which are 6.4 and 3.6 times larger than that of commercial Pt/C. Further studies reveal that ternary PtPdCu NDs show strong abilities of CO anti-poisoning and CC bond cleavage, enhancing the C1 pathway selectivity. The invasive species Spartina anglica arose in Europe by a cross between the Afro-European species S. maritima (native, paternal ancestor) and the introduced North American S.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/polybrene-hexadimethrine-bromide-.html  alterniflora (invasive, maternal ancestor). Aqueous methanolic extracts were prepared from plant tissue for chemotaxonomical comparison between the three species and determination of the phenolic pattern inheritance in S. anglica. A total of 20 phenolic compounds were detected in the aerial tissues of S. anglica and S. alterniflora, but only seven in S. maritima. They were isolated from their respective crude extracts, and their structures were determined according to spectroscopic data analysis and chemical evidence. They all belong to the flavonoid class, with 13 of them identified as C-glycoflavonoid and seven as O-glycoflavonoid. All these products were detected for the first time from S. anglica, fourteen of them for the first time from S. alterniflora, and three of them for the first time from S. maritima. The individual concentratina. A fundamental assumption about language is that, regardless of language modality, it faces the linearization problem, i.e., an event that occurs simultaneously in the world has to be split in language to be organized on a temporal scale. However, the visual modality of signed languages allows its users not only to express meaning in a linear manner but also to use iconicity and multiple articulators together to encode information simultaneously. Accordingly, in cases when it is necessary to encode informatively rich events, signers can take advantage of simultaneous encoding in order to represent information about different referents and their actions simultaneously. This in turn would lead to more iconic and direct representation. Up to now, there has been no experimental study focusing on simultaneous encoding of information in signed languages and its possible advantage for efficient communication. In the present study, we assessed how many information units can be encoded simultaneously in Italian Sign Language (LIS) and whether the amount of simultaneously encoded information varies based on the amount of information that is required to be expressed.