https://www.selleckchem.com/products/glpg0187.html It must be noted that in smart motorways vehicle emissions are markedly influenced by the percentage of heavy vehicles travelling in Truck Platooning mode. The results show that concomitant use of lime stabilization and RAP leads to a significant reduction in energy consumption (up to 35%) and pollutant emissions (up to 34% of CO2) than in case of exclusive use of virgin material. The accidents reduction produce a 30% decrease of GWP, POCP, AP and EP related to safety barriers maintenance phase than the corresponding values of traditional motorway. Truck platooning mode generates GWP reduction close to 4%. The environmental advantages of a smart motorway increase progressively with the increase of AADT, platooning truck percentage and heavy vehicles percentage. Recreational activities in coastal waters that are polluted by enteric viruses can result in gastroenteritis etc. In this study, the pollution profiles of enteric viruses were examined in the coastal area of Tokyo Bay, Japan, by collecting 57 water samples from three different depths (0.5 m, 3.0 m, and 5.0 m) during and after a series of heavy rainfall events. Vertically spatial and temporal changes in the concentrations of NoV genogroup I (GI) and genogroup II (GII), pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), and Aichi virus (AiV) were determined using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, while those of the bacterial indicator, Escherichia coli, and F-specific RNA bacteriophages (FRNA phages) were monitored using culture methods. PMMoV was highly abundant (1.4 × 104-6.8 × 106 genome copies/L), whereas the concentrations of the other enteric viruses were relatively low (AiV, 1.3 × 102-2.9 × 104; GI, 2.9 × 10-5.6 × 103; GII, 2.5 × 10-1.2 × 104 genome copies/L). All of the viruses showed lower fluctuations in concentration than E. coli, which increased up to 460-fold after the rainfall event and then decreased over the subsequent two weeks. The