https://www.selleckchem.com/products/isoxazole-9-isx-9.html Transmission electron microscopy reveals that the new CEI has an elliptical shape on the material surface, which is approximately 100 nm in length and 50 nm in width, and covers selected particle surfaces. After the new CEI was formed on the surface, the Ni2+ self-oxidation gradually affects from the surface to the bulk of the material. It found that the bond energy and bond length of the Ni-O are stabilized, which dramatically inhibit gas evolution. The new CEI is successfully applied in a Ni-rich layered compound, and the 18650- and the punch-type full cells are fabricated. The energy density of the designed cells is up to 300 Wh/kg. Internal short circuit and overcharging safety tests are passed when using the standard regulations of commercial evaluation. This new CEI technology is ready and planned for future applications in electric vehicle and energy storage.The design and synthesis of a stable and efficient hole-transport material (HTM) for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are one of the most demanding research areas. At present, 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis[N,N-di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-9,9'-spirobifluorene (spiro-MeOTAD) is a commonly used HTM in the fabrication of high-efficiency PSCs; however, its complicated synthesis, addition of a dopant in order to realize the best efficiency, and high cost are major challenges for the further development of PSCs. Herein, various diketopyrrolopyrrole-based small molecules were synthesized with the same backbone but distinct alkyl side-chain substituents (i.e., 2-ethylhexyl-, n-hexyl-, ((methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl-, and (2-((2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl)acetamide, designated as D-1, D-2, D-3, and D-4, respectively) as HTMs. The variation in the alkyl chain has shown obvious effects on the optical and electrochemical properties as well as on the molecular packing and film-forming ability. Consequently, the power conversion efficiency (hus offering new design tactics to fab