A normalization approach using ANTs to register FA images to the MNI152 T1 template via an individual FA template minimized test-retest reproducibility errors both for gray and white matter. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 1 TECHNICAL EFFICACY STAGE 1. © 2020 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.BACKGROUND Changes induced by intrinsic and extrinsic photoaging result in signs of skin aging including altered pigmentation and wrinkles. A 3-in-1 night facial serum (NFS) was developed to treat skin aging by antioxidative and retinoid-like mechanisms. OBJECTIVE To determine the clinical and histological effects of the 3-in-1 NFS on signs of skin aging, clinically and histologically. METHODS & MATERIALS Twenty-four subjects applied serum nightly for 12 weeks, and 12 subjects continued an extension study to 24 weeks. Clinical assessment of skin quality was performed by dermatologists.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/myk-461.html  Skin biopsy was performed at 12 weeks to assess histological changes. RESULTS There was a global aesthetic improvement over the duration of the study +1.21 points at 12 weeks; +1.25 at 24 weeks. Skin texture, pigmentation, erythema, skin tone, complexion, lines, and wrinkles all significantly improved (P  less then  .05). There was also a significant reduction in photodamage, hyperpigmentation, and wrinkle scores, most notably horizontal forehead expression lines, and marionette lines (P  less then  .05 for all). Dermal and epidermal thickness increased without reaching statistical significance. CONCLUSION The 3-in-1 NFS had clinically and statistically significant effects on signs of skin aging after 12 weeks, which became more pronounced after 24 weeks. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.The inability of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia to recognize facial expressions is an important issue that has an impact on social functioning. This study was conducted to determine the effects of a psychoeducation programme for emotion identification and expression in those diagnosed with schizophrenia on their ability to identify and discriminate between emotions and social functionality. This quasi-experimental study (pretest-post-test, with control group) comprised an intervention (21) and a control (21) group conducted with individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia. A 10-week psychoeducation programme was offered to the intervention group. Measuring instruments were administered to the groups before the intervention, after the intervention, and 3 months after that. The measuring instruments consisted of a personal information form, the Facial Emotion Identification Test, Facial Emotion Discrimination Test, and Personal and Social Performance Scale. The data were analysed using the 'two-way repeated measures analysis of variance'. The TREND method was used for reporting. In the first measurements taken after the psychoeducation programme, a significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of their 'Facial Emotion Identification Test' and 'Personal and Social Performance Scale' mean scores. In the measurements taken 3 months after the psychoeducation programme, this difference had disappeared. The psychoeducation programme is an effective programme that makes recognition of facially expressed emotions possible and increases the social functioning of patients. © 2020 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc.BACKGROUND Heavy metal contamination in forest ecosystems has become increasingly severe, and there is an urgent need to better understand the ecotoxicological effects of heavy metals on the whole forest ecosystems, especially their effects on insect resistance of forest plant. In the present study, the resistance against gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) larvae in Larix olgensis seedlings grown in non-amended or Pb-amended (at 500 and 1500 mg kg-1 ) soil was evaluated. RESULTS Pb from the treated soil could be transferred and exerted bio-toxicological effects along the food chain consisting of L. olgensis seedlings and gypsy moth larvae, eventually causing significantly reduction in seedlings growth, as well as larval weight, survival rate and antioxidant capacity. With regard to phytochemical defense, the activities or contents of protease inhibitors (trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitors) and secondary metabolites (condensed tannin and total phenolics) in Pb-treated larch needles presented a tendency of 'low-promotion, high-inhibition' with the increase of Pb exposure concentration. At the same time, Pearson's correlation coefficients showed that the trade-off hypothesis on energy allocation between phytochemical defense and plant growth was not supported by the data from the L. olgensis seedlings that were exposed to Pb stress, and elemental defense might replace the dominant role of phytochemical defense in L. olgensis seedlings under Pb stress against the gypsy moth larvae. CONCLUSION These findings emphasize ecotoxicological effects of heavy metal contaminations along the food chains (forest plants and forest defoliators), and provide a new perspective for optimizing forest pest control strategies in the heavy metal polluted regions. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.Herein we report an efficient and selective procedure for the direct C2-H arylation of indoles using a Metal-Organic-Framework (MOF) containing palladium as heterogeneous catalyst and the non-toxic biomass derived solvent GVL (γ-valerolactone) as reaction medium. The developed method allows to reach excellent yields and C-2 selectivity and tolerates various substitutions on the indole scaffold. The established conditions ensure stability of the catalyst as well as recoverability, reusability and low metal leaching into solution. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.BACKGROUND Autonomic dysfunction can be present in patients with idiopathic and diabetic gastroparesis. The role of autonomic dysfunction relating to gastric emptying and upper gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with gastroparesis and chronic unexplained nausea and vomiting (CUNV) remains unclear. The aim of our study is to evaluate autonomic function in patients with gastroparesis and CUNV with respect to etiology, gastric emptying and symptom severity. METHODS We studied 242 patients with chronic gastroparetic symptoms recruited at eight centers. All patients had a gastric emptying scintigraphy within 6 months of the study. Symptom severity was assessed using the gastroparesis cardinal symptom index. Autonomic function testing was performed at baseline enrollment using the ANX 3.0 autonomic monitoring system which measures heart rate variability and respiratory activity measurements. KEY RESULTS Low sympathetic response to challenge (Valsalva or standing) was the most common abnormality seen impacting 89% diabetic and 74% idiopathic patients.