02 vs GDM) and the increased miR-518d expression (P=0.009 vs GDM). Increased proinflammatory markers (interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α and nitric oxide overproduction) in GDM placentas were prevented by the EVOO-enriched diet (respectively P=0.001, P=0.001 and P=0.01 vs GDM). MMPs overactivity was prevented in placenta and umbilical cord blood in the EVOO-enriched GDM group (MMP-9 respectively P=0.01 and P=0.001 vs GDM). Conclusions A diet enriched in EVOO in GDM patients reduced maternal triglyceridemia and weight gain and has anti-inflammatory properties in placenta and umbilical cord blood, possibly mediated by the regulation of PPAR pathways. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Aims and objectives This study aimed to identify significant work stressors associated with stress symptoms, job satisfaction, intention to leave and health-related outcomes among health professionals. Background The workforce shortage of health professionals is a current concern and a reduction of work-related stress is thus essential for retaining health professionals. Studies on the extent of work-related stress in different health professions are limited. Methods The research was conducted with a cross-sectional study encompassing 26 randomly selected acute care and rehabilitation hospitals. The sample consisted of 3398 health professionals. The study was undertaken in accordance with the STROBE checklist for observational studies. Results Work-private life conflicts were significantly associated with health professionals' stress symptoms, job satisfaction, intention to leave the organisation and profession, their general health status, burnout symptoms and quality of sleep. Also, opportunities for development, the behaviour of the direct line manager (e.g. quality of leadership, unfair behaviour, rewards given) along with various profession-specific stressors were the important predictors revealed. Conclusions This study shows the high relevance of preventing and reducing work-private life conflicts, enhancing leadership qualities as well as opportunities for development among health professionals working in acute care and rehabilitation hospitals. Also, differences between health professions should be taken into consideration in developing strategies for reducing stress at work. Relevance to clinical practice The results of this study are particularly relevant for health professional leaders and reveal the urgent need in hospital practice for effective strategies to improve health professionals' work-private life balance, opportunities for development and quality of leadership.Voltage-gated sodium channels (NavChs) are biological pores that control the ow of sodium ions through the cell membrane. In humans, mutations in genes encoding NavChs can disrupt physiological cellular activity thus leading to a wide spectrum of diseases. Here, we present a topological connection between the functional architecture of a NavAb bacterial channel and accumulation of atomic hydropathicity around its pore. This connection is established via a scaling analysis methodology that elucidates how intrachannel hydropathic density variations translate into hydropathic dipole field configurations along the pore. Our findings suggest the existence of a non random cumulative hydropathic topology that is organized parallel to the membrane surface so that pore's stability, as well as, gating behavior are guaranteed. Given the biophysical significance of the hydropathic effect, our study seeks to provide a computational framework for studying cumulative hydropathic topological properties of NavChs and pore-forming proteins in general. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Objectives The early detection and treatment of cryptorchidism are necessary to preserve male fertility. This study aimed to assess the effect of parents' occupational environment on the incidence of cryptorchidism in their sons. Methods The study enrolled 51,316 newborn males, whose mothers were recruited in the Japan Environment and Children's Study. We analyzed cryptorchidism incidence in male newborns according to 14 categories of occupations. We also analyzed the effect of the mother's occupational environment during gestation, including working time and night-shift work, on cryptorchidism incidence. Information on occupations was obtained from self-administered questionnaires. Cryptorchidism was identified through a survey at birth or 1 month after birth using medical records. Results Cryptorchidism was identified in 305 male babies (0.59%) at birth or 1 month after birth. Weight, height, head circumference, and chest circumference at birth were significantly lower in male babies with cryptorchidism than in those without the condition. Gestational age was also shorter in mothers whose babies developed cryptorchidism.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/epacadostat-incb024360.html  Moreover, maternal age at delivery and smoking during gestation also had an effect on cryptorchidism incidence. However, multivariate analysis of the 14 categories of occupations of parents during gestation showed no significant effect on cryptorchidism incidence in their male babies. Conclusions This study revealed that the occupational environment of parents did not significantly affect the incidence of cryptorchidism in their sons. However, this study might have underestimated mild and transient cases of cryptorchidism. Further studies are necessary to investigate the risk factors of cryptorchidism in relation to parents' occupation.Intrinsically disordered proteins are highly flexible molecules that undergo disorder to order transition through their interaction with other molecules. IDPs play a vital role in several biological processes ranging from molecular recognition to several human diseases through protein-protein interaction. The dynamic flexibility of IDPs and their implications in several human diseases enable these molecules to serve as novel therapeutic targets. However, the challenging task is to develop novel drugs against IDPs because of their lack of stable structures and the nature of high conformational flexibility. In this study, we have calculated the dynamic binding effect of the supramolecular tweezer CLR01 against the intrinsically disordered HIV-1 Nef by employing molecular docking and dynamics simulation approaches. From docking results, we predicted the strong binding affinity of the tweezer with the target residues of Nef. The docking results were further validated from the molecular dynamics simulation studies confirming the conformational stability of Nef upon tweezer binding.