https://www.selleckchem.com/products/azd5305.html 2021;9160-168.For visceral leishmaniasis (VL), a major vector-borne parasitic disease, an alternative sexual transmission route is well documented in dogs but evidence is lacking in humans. Here, we discuss the current knowledge and key questions to be answered as it may be an additional obstacle in ongoing VL elimination programs.Progesterone and its related molecules are a crucial tool in modern clinical practice, particularly in the fields of reproductive medicine. Its history is old, but still under development. Presently, the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of progesterone is well-known and knowledge on natural progesterone (P4) and other molecules with progestational activity, namely progestogens or gestagens, are improved and their interest is still alive. Topics of great and current interest are progesterone and its role in assisted reproductive protocols, threatened and recurrent pregnancy loss, threatened preterm birth with favorable results on pregnancy, and perinatal outcomes. Moreover, progesterone provides several other positive effects on women's health. This paper describes the main chronological steps that characterized the history of progesterone, where scientific research and clinical practice are arrived and WHICH are the future perspectives on this hormone with a "never-ending history." To evaluate the impact of symptomatic recurrence on oncological outcomes in patients with primary high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT). We retrospectively evaluated 428 patients with primary high-risk NMIBC who underwent TURBT from November 1993 to April 2019. Of the 428 patients, 140 had experienced recurrence at any site and were divided into 2 groups patients who had experienced recurrence detected by the surveillance (asymptomatic group) and patients who had experienced recurrence detected by a symptom-driven investigat